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Pachacha [2.7K]
3 years ago
14

A major-league pitcher can throw a ball in excess of 40.1 m/s. If a ball is thrown horizontally at this speed, how much will it

drop by the time it reaches a catcher who is 17.0 m away from the point of release?

Physics
1 answer:
mote1985 [20]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The ball will drop 0.881 m by the time it reaches the catcher.

Explanation:

The position of the ball at time "t" is described by the position vector "r":

r = (x0 + v0x · t, y0 + v0y · t + 1/2 · g · t²)

Where:

x0 = initial horizontal position.

v0x = initial horizontal velocity.

t = time.

y0 = initial vertical position.

v0y = initial vertical velocity.

g = acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/s² considering the upward direction as positive).

When the ball reaches the catcher, the position vector will be "r final" (see attached figure).

The x-component of the vector "r final", "rx final", will be 17.0 m. We have to find the y-component.

Using the equation of the x-component of the position vector, we can calculate the time it takes the ball to reach the catcher (notice that the frame of reference is located at the throwing point so that x0 and y0 = 0):

x = x0 + v0x · t

17.0 m = 0 m + 40.1 m/s · t

t = 17.0 m/ 40. 1 m/s = 0.424 s

With this time, we can calculate the y-component of the vector "r final", the drop of the ball:

y = y0 + v0y · t + 1/2 · g · t²

Initially, there is no vertical velocity, then, v0y = 0.

y = 1/2 · g · t²

y = -1/2 · 9.8 m/s² · (0.424 s)²

y = -0.881 m

The ball will drop 0.881 m by the time it reaches the catcher.

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Slav-nsk [51]
<span>0.52% First, let's convert that speed into m/s. 150 km/h * 1000 m/km / 3600 s/h = 41.667 m/s Now let's see how much time gravity has to work on the ball. Divide the distance by the speed. 18 m / 41.667 m/s = 0.431996544 s Now multiply that time by the gravitational acceleration to see what the vertical component to the ball's speed that gravity adds. 0.431996544 s * 9.8 m/s^2 = 4.233566131 m/s Use the pythagorean theorem to get the new velocity of the ball. sqrt(41.667^2 + 4.234^2) = 41.882 m/s Finally, let's see what the difference is (41.882 - 41.667)/41.667 = 0.005159959 = 0.5159959% Rounding to 2 figures, gives 0.52%</span>
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Answer:

16.25^{\circ}

Explanation:

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Horizontal range is given by

R=\dfrac{v^2\sin2\theta}{g}\\\Rightarrow \theta=\dfrac{\sin^{-1}\dfrac{Rg}{v^2}}{2}\\\Rightarrow \theta=\dfrac{\sin^{-1}\dfrac{75\times 9.81}{37^2}}{2}\\\Rightarrow \theta=16.25^{\circ}

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