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Nataliya [291]
3 years ago
12

A 2.50 g sample of solid sodium hydroxide is added to 55.0 mL of 25 °C water in a foam cup (insulated from the environment) and

stirred until it dissolves. What is the final temperature of the solution? ΔHsoln =-44.51 kJ/mol.
Chemistry
1 answer:
zlopas [31]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

37.1°C.

Explanation:

  • Firstly, we need to calculate the amount of heat (Q) released through this reaction:

<em>∵ ΔHsoln = Q/n</em>

no. of moles (n) of NaOH = mass/molar mass = (2.5 g)/(40 g/mol) = 0.0625 mol.

<em>The negative sign of ΔHsoln indicates that the reaction is exothermic.</em>

∴ Q = (n)(ΔHsoln) = (0.0625 mol)(44.51 kJ/mol) = 2.78 kJ.

  • We can use the relation:

Q = m.c.ΔT,

where, Q is the amount of heat released to water (Q = 2781.87 J).

m is the mass of water (m = 55.0 g, suppose density of water = 1.0 g/mL).

c is the specific heat capacity of water (c = 4.18 J/g.°C).

ΔT is the difference in T (ΔT = final temperature - initial temperature = final temperature - 25°C).

∴ (2781.87 J) = (55.0 g)(4.18 J/g.°C)(final temperature - 25°C)

∴ (final temperature - 25°C) = (2781.87 J)/(55.0 g)(4.18 J/g.°C) = 12.1.

<em>∴ final temperature = 25°C + 12.1 = 37.1°C.</em>

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Explanation:

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For example, chemical equation for oxidation of methane is as follows.

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To balance this equation, multiply O_{2} by 2 on reactant side. Also, multiply H_{2}O by 2 on product side. Hence, the equation can be rewritten as follows.

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Number of atoms present on product side are as follows.

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