Answer:
I'm going to make a list of everything you need to consider for the supervision and design of the bridge.
1. the materials with which you are going to build it.
2. the length of the bridge.
3. The dynamic and static load to which the bridge will be subjected.
4. How corrosive is the environment where it will be built.
5.wind forces
6. The force due to possible earthquakes.
7. If it is going to be built in an environment where snow falls.
8. The bridge is unique,so the shape has a geometry that resists loads?.
9. bridge costs.
10. Personal and necessary machines.
11. how much the river grows
Answer:
LAOD = 6669.86 N
Explanation:
Given data:
width
thickness 
crack length 2c = 0.5 mm at centre of specimen
stress intensity factor = k will be
we know that
[c =0.5/2 = 2.5*10^{-4}]
K = 0.1724 Mpa m^{1/2} for 1000 load
if
then load will be
LAOD = 6669.86 N
Answer:
h = 375 KW/m^2K
Explanation:
Given:
Thermo-couple distances: L_1 = 10 mm , L_2 = 20 mm
steel thermal conductivity k = 15 W / mK
Thermo-couple temperature measurements: T_1 = 50 C , T_2 = 40 C
Air Temp T_∞ = 100 C
Assuming there are no other energy sources, energy balance equation is:
E_in = E_out
q"_cond = q"_conv
Since, its a case 1-D steady state conduction, the total heat transfer rate can be found from Fourier's Law for surfaces 1 and 2
q"_cond = k * (T_1 - T_2) / (L_2 - L_1) = 15 * (50 - 40) / (0.02 - 0.01)
=15KW/m^2
Assuming SS is solid, temperature at the surface exposed to air will be 60 C since its gradient is linear in the case of conduction, and there are two temperatures given in the problem. Convection coefficient can be found from Newton's Law of cooling:
q"_conv = h * ( T_∞ - T_s ) ----> h = q"_conv / ( T_∞ - T_s )
h = 15000 W / (100 - 60 ) C = 375 KW/m^2K
