Answer:
a) w = 7.27 * 10^-5 rad/s
b) v1 = 463.1 m/s
c) v1 = 440.433 m/s
Explanation:
Given:-
- The radius of the earth, R = 6.37 * 10 ^6 m
- The time period for 1 revolution T = 24 hrs
Find:
What is the earth's angular speed?
What is the speed of a point on the equator?
What is the speed of a point on the earth's surface located at 1/5 of the length of the arc between the equator and the pole, measured from equator?
Solution:
- The angular speed w of the earth can be related with the Time period T of the earth revolution by:
w = 2π / T
w = 2π / 24*3600
w = 7.27 * 10^-5 rad/s
- The speed of the point on the equator v1 can be determined from the linear and rotational motion kinematic relation.
v1 = R*w
v1 = (6.37 * 10 ^6)*(7.27 * 10^-5)
v1 = 463.1 m/s
- The angle θ subtended by a point on earth's surface 1/5 th between the equator and the pole wrt equator is.
π/2 ........... s
x ............ 1/5 s
x = π/2*5 = 18°
- The radius of the earth R' at point where θ = 18° from the equator is:
R' = R*cos(18)
R' = (6.37 * 10 ^6)*cos(18)
R' = 6058230.0088 m
- The speed of the point where θ = 18° from the equator v2 can be determined from the linear and rotational motion kinematic relation.
v2 = R'*w
v2 = (6058230.0088)*(7.27 * 10^-5)
v2 = 440.433 m/s
Refer to the diagram shown below.
m = the mass of the object
x = the distance of the object from the equilibrium position at time t.
v = the velocity of the object at time t
a = the acceleration of the object at time t
A = the amplitude ( the maximum distance) of the mass from the equilibrium
position
The oscillatory motion of the object (without damping) is given by
x(t) = A sin(ωt)
where
ω = the circular frequency of the motion
T = the period of the motion so that ω = (2π)/T
The velocity and acceleration are respectively
v(t) = ωA cos(ωt)
a(t) = -ω²A sin(ωt)
In the equilibrium position,
x is zero;
v is maximum;
a is zero.
At the farthest distance (A) from the equilibrium position,
x is maximum;
v is zero;
a is zero.
In the graphs shown, it is assumed (for illustrative purposes) that
A = 1 and T = 1.
Answer:
An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that constitutes a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. Atoms are extremely small; typical sizes are around 100 picometers.Explanation: