Answer:The answer to this question comes from experiments done by the scientist Robert Boyle in an effort to improve air pumps. In the 1600's, Boyle measured the volumes of gases at different pressures. Boyle found that when the pressure of gas at a constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas decreases. when the pressure of gas is decreased, the volume increases. this relationship between pressure and volume is called Boyle's law.
Explanation: So, at constant temperature, the answer to your answer is: the volume decreases in the same ratio as the ratio of pressure increases.
BUT, in general, there is not a single answer to your question. It depend by the context.
For example, if you put the gas in a rigid steel tank (volume is constant), you can heat the gas, so provoking a pressure increase. But you won't get any change in volume.
Or, if you heat the gas in a partially elastic vessel (as a tire or a soccer ball) you will get both an increase of volume AND an increase of pressure.
FINALLY if you inflate a bubblegum ball, the volume will be increased without any change in pressure and temperature, because you have increased the NUMBER of molecules in the balloon.
There are many other ways to change volume and pressure of a gas that are different from the Boyle experiment.
Is there choices to this question? cant answer it without choices
Answer:
c) Both a) and b)
Explanation:
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The question requires us to explain the differences in radii of neutral atoms, cations and anions.
To answer this question, we need to keep in mind that a neutral atom presents the same number of protons (positive particles) and electrons (negative particles). Another important information is that the protons are located in the nucleus of the atom, while the electrons are around the nucleus. Also, there is an electrostatic force between protons and electrons, which means that they the protons tend to attract the electrons to the nucleus.
While a neutral atom presents the same number of protons and electrons, a cation is an ion with positive charge, which means it has lost one or more electrons. In a cation, the balance between protons and electrons doesn't exist anymore: now, there is more positive than negative charge (more protons than electrons), and the overall attractive force that the protons have for the electrons is increased. As a result, the electrons stay closer to the nucleus and the radius of a cation is smaller than the neutral atom from which it was derived.
On the other side, anions present negative charge, which means they have received electrons. Similarly to cations, the balance between protons and electrons doesn't exist anymore, but in this case, there are more electrons than protons. In an anion, the overall attractive force that the protons have for the electrons is decreased. As a result, the electrons are "more free" to move and, as they are not so attracted to the nucleus, they tend to stay farther from the positive nucleus compared to the neutral atom - because of this, the radius of an anion is larger than the neutral atom from which it was derived.
A. Protons, neutrons, and electrons
