Explain halogens reactivity in terms of outer electron’s distance from nucleus and electronic shielding

Chemistry

1 answer:

yan [13]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Fluorine is the most reactive halogen followed by chlorine, bromine and iodine

Explanation:

The reactivity of halogens decreases down the group, that is, fluorine is the most reactive halogen followed by chlorine and bromine. The least reactive halogen is iodine.

There are several reasons and viewpoints explaining this concept:

Fluorine is the smallest atom of all halogens, since: (a) it has the lowest number of electron shells and (b) it has the greatest electronegativity, so that the electrons are attracted with the greatest force towards the nucleus. Therefore, it has the lowest radius. This means when the protons in the nucleus attract the electrons from another atom, the distance between the nucleus of fluorine and the electrons of another atom will be the smallest of all halogens. The lower the distance, the greater the attraction force, so that we obtain the strongest bond with fluorine and the weakest with iodine, as iodine has the greatest radius of all. From this standpoint, fluorine is the most reactive.
Similarly, fluorine is least shielded atom, as it only has two valence shells. Going down the group, the number of shells increases, so iodine is the most shielded atom. Shielding increases the atomic radius, so that it's easier for fluorine to approach the electrons from the valence shell of another atom compared to more shielded chlorine, bromine and iodine.

You might be interested in

There are two open cans of soda on the table. One can was just taken from the refrigerator and the other was taken from the cupb

nika2105 [10]

I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option C. The can <span>from the cupboard will lose carbon dioxide more quickly because it is warmer and gases are less soluble in warmer temperatures. </span> Solubility of gases is a strong function of temperature and as well as pressure.

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

1 . a chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between ions covalent bond

liberstina [14]

Explanation:

When there occurs sharing of electrons between two chemically combining atoms then it forms a covalent bond. Generally, a covalent bond is formed between two non-metals.

An ionic bond is defined as the bond formed due to transfer of one or more number of electrons from one atom to another. An ionic bond is always formed between a metal and a non-metal.

Every atom of an element will have orbitals in which electrons are found. These orbitals are known as energy level.

A molecule is defined as the smallest particle present in a substance or atom.

A metallic bond is formed due to mobile valence electrons shared by positive nuclei in a metallic crystal.

Thus, we can conclude that given statements are correctly matched as follows.

1). a chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between ions - ionic bond

2). a chemical bond formed by two electrons that are shared between two atoms - covalent bond

3). the orbitals of an atom where electrons are found - energy level

4). the smallest particle of a covalently bonded substance - molecule

5). a bond characteristic of metals in which mobile valence electrons are shared among positive nuclei in the metallic crystal - metallic bond

7 0

3 years ago

Where is the fulcrum of this lever? circle and label its location on the diagram above

Sladkaya [172]

Answer:

Explanation:

1) A fulcrum is a pivot point that plays a central role (not necessarily located at the center) in a lever. The fulcrum of the attached picture has been circled (in blue).

2) The object placed on this lever's measurement tray is balanced by placing it at the center of the tray. This is the standard way of placing objects on any balance.