Something that can not be undone. Like baking bread..cant be undone.
Answer:
electron-electron repulsion
Explanation:
When electrons add into valence shell of neutral elements, the element assumes a negative oxidation state. With this, the number of electrons having (-) charges will be larger than the number of protons having positive (+) charges. As a result, the extra electrons repel one another (i.e., like charges repel) and a larger radius is the result.
In contrast, when cations are formed, electrons are removed from the valence level (oxidation) producing an element having a greater number of protons than electrons. The larger number of protons will function to attract the electron cloud with a greater force that results in a contraction of atomic radius and a smaller spherical volume than the neutral unionized element.
To visualize, see attached chart that shows atomic and ionic radii before and after ionization of the elements.
Answer:
The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons that it contains. In other words, the number of neutrons in an atom is its mass number minus its atomic number.
Explanation:
protons
The mass number of an atom is its total number of protons and neutrons. Atoms of different elements usually have different mass numbers , but they can be the same. For example, the mass number of argon atoms and calcium atoms can both be 40.
Explanation:
when water is boiling and when u cover it and increase the pressure it causes the increase in rate of condensation.