Question

What are the boiling points and freezing points (in oC) of a solution of 50.3 g of I2 in 350 g of chloroform? The kb = 3.63 oC/m, the kf = 4.70 oC/m for CHCl3, and the molar mass of I2 is 253.8 g/mol. The normal boiling point for CHCl3 is 61.2 oC, and the normal freezing point for CHCl3 is -63.5 oC.

Answer 1

Answer:

Boiling point: 63.3°C

Freezing point: -66.2°C.

Explanation:

The boiling point of a solution increases regard to boiling point of the pure solvent. In the same way, freezing point decreases regard to pure solvent. The equations are:

Boiling point increasing:

ΔT = kb*m*i

Freezing point depression:

ΔT = kf*m*i

ΔT are the °C that change boiling or freezing point.

m is molality of the solution (moles / kg)

And i is Van't Hoff factor (1 for I₂ in chloroform)

Molality of 50.3g of I₂ in 350g of chloroform is:

50.3g * (1mol / 253.8g) = 0.198 moles in 350g = 0.350kg:

0.198 moles / 0.350kg = 0.566m

Replacing:

Boiling point:

ΔT = kb*m*i

ΔT = 3.63°C/m*0.566m*1

ΔT = 2.1°C

As boiling point of pure substance is 61.2°C, boiling point of the solution is:

61.2°C + 2.1°C = 63.3°C

Freezing point:

ΔT = kf*m*i

ΔT = 4.70°C/m*0.566m*1

ΔT = 2.7°C

As freezing point is -63.5°C, the freezing point of the solution is:

-63.5°C - 2.7°C = -66.2°C