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3 years ago

Compare and contrast the positive and negative effects that result from the use of the Haber process.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Luda [366]3 years ago

5 0

Answer: Positive effects: mass production of fertilizers, alkaline cleansers, refrigerant gas, dyes, explosives

Negative effects: heath problems, negative effects on soil organisms and soil organic matter, imbalances to the nitrogen cycle, high fossil fuel energy inputs, production of deadly weapons

Explanation:

The Haber process (also called Haber Bosch process) is used to produce ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen under the high pressure. Basically, it's an artificial nitrogen fixation process. This method has both positive and negative effects on modern society.

Positive sides: ammonia is mainly used for mass production of fertilizer, which allows more food for everyone. It can be used for production of alkaline cleansers, refrigerant gas, dyes and explosives. Ammonia is also used in production of synthetic polymers, due to its role in the manufacturing of cyanide.

Negative sides: ammonia is a toxic gas, it can irritate eyes and lungs. Because of that, the excess nitrogen in soil and water coming from synthetic fertilizers can cause health problems. It is harmful for humans and animals, but it can also be harmful for plants. Environmental factors are also important. Because of the mass fixation, there is imbalance in the earth’s nitrogen cycle. Also, fossil fuels are used as a source of power for machinery in Haber's process, which increases emissions into the atmosphere. And, at least ammonia is a major component of weapons including great number of bombs.

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Why does the rate of the reaction decrease over time? Why does the rate of the reaction decrease over time? Exothermic reactions

fgiga [73]

Answer: The rate of the reaction decrease over time as the reaction proceeds, a decrease in the concentration of reactants results in fewer successful collisions.

Explanation:

Rate of a reaction is defined as the change in concentration of products and reactants with respect to time.

The rate of a reaction decreases with times because reactants are converting into products.

As a result, the reaction is proceeding with a decrease in the concentration of reactants due to which less number of collisions between the reactant molecules will be there.

Hence, rate of reaction will decrease.

Thus, we can conclude that the rate of the reaction decrease over time as the reaction proceeds, a decrease in the concentration of reactants results in fewer successful collisions.

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3 years ago

30 POINTS! ----- How many moles of oxygen gas are needed to completely react with 145 grams of aluminum? Report your answer with

gladu [14]

First a balanced reaction equation must be established:
$4Al _{(s)} + 3 O_{2} _{(g)}$ → $2 Al_{2} O_{3}$

Now if mass of aluminum = 145 g
the moles of aluminum = (MASS) ÷ (MOLAR MASS) = 145 g ÷ 30 g/mol
= 4.83 mols

Now the mole ratio of Al : O₂ based on the equation is 4 : 3
[4Al + 3 O₂ → 2 Al₂O₃]

∴ if moles of Al = 4.83 moles
then moles of O₂ = (4.83 mol ÷ 4) × 3
= 3.63 mol (to 2 sig. fig.)

Thus it can be concluded that 3.63 moles of oxygen is needed to react completely with 145 g of aluminum.

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4 years ago

Which practice poses the greatest safety concern?

Goshia [24]

The correct option is B.

There are many housekeeping rules that one has to observe when one is working in the laboratory in order to ensure safety. One of these rules is that one should take precaution not to accumulate clutters on the work bench. Littering the work bench with clutters will limit the amount of space that one has to work and these clutters can constitute dangers, for instances, clutter can hinder access to emergency equipment during emergency situations. It is important that laboratory working bench should be kept clean and tidy at all time.

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4 years ago

Read 2 more answers

How many grams are in 1.76 x 10^23 atoms of iodine

Mariana [72]

Answer:

$\boxed {\boxed {\sf About \ 37.1 \ grams \ of \ iodine }}$

Explanation:

To convert from atoms to grams, you must first convert atoms to moles, then moles to grams.

1. Convert Atoms to Moles

To convert atoms to grams, Avogadro's number must be used.

$6.022*10^{23}$

This number tells us the number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in 1 mole. In this case, the particles are atoms of iodine.

$\frac{6.022*10^{23} \ atoms \ I }{1 \ mol \ I}$

Multiply the given number of atoms by Avogadro's number.

$1.76*10^{23} \ atoms \ I*\frac{6.022*10^{23} \ atoms \ I }{1 \ mol \ I}$

Flip the fraction so the atoms of iodine will cancel out.

$1.76*10^{23} \ atoms \ I*\frac{ 1 \ mol \ I}{6.022*10^{23} \ atoms \ I}$

$1.76*10^{23}* \frac{1 \ mol \ I}{6.022*10^{23} }$

Multiply so the problem condenses into 1 fraction.

$\frac{1.76*10^{23} \ mol \ I}{6.022*10^{23} }$

$0.2922617071 \ mol \ I$

2. Convert Moles to Grams

Now we must use the molar mass of iodine, which is found on the Periodic Table.

Iodine Molar Mass: 126.9045 g/mol

Use this mass as a fraction.

$\frac{ 126.9045 \ g\ I }{ 1 \ mol \ I}$

Multiply this fraction by the number of moles found above.

$0.2922617071 \ mol \ I*\frac{ 126.9045 \ g\ I }{ 1 \ mol \ I}$

Multiply. The moles of iodine will cancel.

$0.2922617071 *\frac{ 126.9045 \ g\ I }{ 1 }$

The 1 as a denominator is insignificant.

$0.2922617071 *{ 126.9045 \ g\ I }$

$37.08932581 \ g \ I$

3. Round

The original measurement of 1.76*10^23 has 3 significant figures (1, 7, and 6). Therefore we must round our answer to 3 sig figs. For this answer, that is the tenths place.

$37.08932581 \ g \ I$

The 8 in the hundredth place tells us to round the 0 up to a 1.

$\approx 37.1\ g \ I$

There is about <u>37.1 grams of iodine </u>in 1.76*10^23 atoms.

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4 years ago

The expression below was formed by combining different gas laws.

yawa3891 [41]

Answer:

Option 3 Avogadro's law

7 0

3 years ago