Answer:
τ = 132.773 lb/in² = 132.773 psi
Explanation:
b = 12 in
F = 60 lb
D = 3.90 in (outer diameter) ⇒ R = D/2 = 3.90 in/2 = 1.95 in
d = 3.65 in (inner diameter) ⇒ r = d/2 = 3.65 in/2 = 1.825 in
We can see the pic shown in order to understand the question.
Then we get
Mt = b*F*Sin 30°
⇒ Mt = 12 in*60 lb*(0.5) = 360 lb-in
Now we find ωt as follows
ωt = π*(R⁴ - r⁴)/(2R)
⇒ ωt = π*((1.95 in)⁴ - (1.825 in)⁴)/(2*1.95 in)
⇒ ωt = 2.7114 in³
then the principal stresses in the pipe at point A is
τ = Mt/ωt ⇒ τ = (360 lb-in)/(2.7114 in³)
⇒ τ = 132.773 lb/in² = 132.773 psi
The basic relationship between frequency and wavelength for light (which is an electromagnetic wave) is

where c is the speed of light, f the frequency and

the wavelength of the wave.
Using

and

, we can find the value of the frequency:
The electromagnetic spectrum includes a continuous spectrum of wavelengths that include:
Radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays
The wavelength decreases from radio waves to gamma rays, whereas the energy increases along the same direction.
In the given example, radio waves have a lower energy and higher wavelength than visible light. The latter can be perceived by the human eye, whereas radio waves are not visible to the human eye.
1) They have colors = visible light
2) They can travel in a vacuum = both
3) They have energy = both
4) They’re used to learn about dust and gas clouds = radio waves
5) They’re used to find the temperature of stars = visible light
6)They’re invisible = radio waves
Answer:
In odd nuclei, the left out proton or neutron will contribute to the spin of the nucleus.
Explanation:
The meaning of odd nuclei is atomic mass is odd.
A=odd number.
A=Z+n
Here, Z is proton either it will odd or n will odd which is neutron.
Now according to the shell model the left out proton or neutron will contribute to the spin and parity.
For example,
Take the case of isotope of nitrogen-15.
Here Z is 7, and n is 8 will not contribute in spin.
Now, for Z=7.

Here,

and, L=1.
Fort parity,

Put the value of L.
Parity will be -1.
Now, spin will be
.