Question

Identify the geologic principles you would use to determine the relative order of the layers.

Answer 1

Law of superposition

Principle of cross-cutting

Explanation:

The geologic precepts that would be used to determine the relative ages of the rock strata are the law of superposition of strata and the principle of cross-cutting.

• The law of superposition of strata states that "in an undisturbed sequence of rock strata, the oldest layer is usually at the bottom and the youngest on top".
• From this law we understand that the oldest layer will be at the bottom if the rock has not been disturbed.
• Here the rock has been disturbed by folding and we need to unravel to fold and see how the rock sequence originally was laid.

The principle of cross-cutting states that "faults are younger than the rocks they cut through". Structures in rocks are younger than rock layers they cut through.

A fault or joint will only pass through a rock that has been formed before it occurred. Subsequent rocks will be younger than the fault.

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