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Aleks04 [339]
3 years ago
10

A chemist wants to extract copper metal from copper chloride solution. The chemist places 0.50 grams of aluminum foil in a solut

ion containing 0.75 grams of copper (II) chloride. A single replacement reaction takes place. Which statement explains the maximum amount of copper that the chemist can extract using this reaction? Approximately 0.36 grams, because copper (II) chloride acts as a limiting reactant Approximately 1.8 grams, because copper (II) chloride acts as a limiting reactant Approximately 0.36 grams, because aluminum acts as a limiting reactant Approximately 1.8 grams, because aluminum acts as a limiting reactant
Chemistry
1 answer:
Irina-Kira [14]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Approximately 0.36 grams, because copper (II) chloride acts as a limiting reactant.

Explanation:

  • It is a stichiometry problem.
  • We should write the balance equation of the mentioned chemical reaction:

<em>2Al + 3CuCl₂ → 3Cu + 2AlCl₃.</em>

  • It is clear that 2.0 moles of Al foil reacts with 3.0 moles of CuCl₂ to produce 3.0 moles of Cu metal and 2.0 moles of AlCl₃.
  • Also, we need to calculate the number of moles of the reported masses of Al foil (0.50 g) and CuCl₂ (0.75 g) using the relation:

<em>n = mass / molar mass</em>

  • The no. of moles of Al foil = mass / atomic mass = (0.50 g) / (26.98 g/mol) = 0.0185 mol.
  • The no. of moles of CuCl₂ = mass / molar mass = (0.75 g) / (134.45 g/mol) = 5.578 x 10⁻³  mol.
  • <em>From the stichiometry Al foil reacts with CuCl₂ with a ratio of 2:3.</em>

∴ 3.85 x 10⁻³  mol of Al foil reacts completely with 5.578 x 10⁻³  mol of CuCl₂ with <em>(2:3)</em> ratio and CuCl₂ is the limiting reactant while Al foil is in excess.

  • From the stichiometry 3.0 moles of  CuCl₂ will produce the same no. of moles of copper metal (3.0 moles).
  • So, this reaction will produce 5.578 x 10⁻³ mol of copper metal.
  • Finally, we can calculate the mass of copper produced using:

mass of Cu = no. of moles x Atomic mass of Cu = (5.578 x 10⁻³  mol)(63.546 g/mol) = 0.354459 g ≅ 0.36 g.

  • <u><em>So, the answer is:</em></u>

<em>Approximately 0.36 grams, because copper (II) chloride acts as a limiting reactant.</em>

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T₂ = 43.46 °C  

Explanation:

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Thus,    

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12. The vapor pressure of water at 90°C is 0.692 atm. What is the vapor pressure (in atm) of a solution made by dissolving 3.68
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Answer : The vapor pressure (in atm) of a solution is, 0.679 atm

Explanation : Given,

Mass of H_2O = 1.00 kg = 1000 g

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Molar mass of H_2O = 18 g/mole

Vapor pressure of water = 0.692 atm

First we have to calculate the moles of H_2O.

\text{Moles of }H_2O=\frac{\text{Mass of }H_2O}{\text{Molar mass of }H_2O}=\frac{1000g}{18g/mole}=55.55mole

Now we have to calculate the mole fraction of H_2O

\text{Mole fraction of }H_2O=\frac{\text{Moles of }H_2O}{\text{Moles of }H_2O+\text{Moles of }CsF}=\frac{55.55}{55.55+3.68}=0.938

Now we have to partial pressure of solution.

According to the Raoult's law,

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P_{Solution} = vapor pressure of solution

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X_{H_2O} = mole fraction of water = 0.938

P_{Solution}=X_{H_2O}\times P^o_{H_2O}

P_{Solution}=0.938\times 0.692atm

P_{Solution}=0.649atm

Therefore, the vapor pressure (in atm) of a solution is, 0.679 atm

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