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alekssr [168]
2 years ago
15

Only a small fraction of a weak acid ionizes in aqueous solution. What is the percent ionization of a 0.100-M solution of acetic

acid, CH3CO2H? CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)⇌H3O+(aq)+CH3CO2−(aq )Ka=1.8×10−5
Chemistry
1 answer:
Mademuasel [1]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

1.33%

Explanation:

In an aqueous solution, a weak acid such as acetic acid, will be in equilibrium with its conjugate base, acetate ion, thus:

CH₃CO₂H(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + CH₃CO₂⁻(aq )

Where dissociation constant, ka, is defined as the ratio of concentrations of products and reactants:

Ka = 1.8x10⁻⁵ = [H₃O⁺] [CH₃CO₂⁻] / [CH₃CO₂H]

<em>H₂O is not taken into account in the equilibrium because is a pure liquid</em>

<em />

When a solution of acetic acid becomes to equilibrium, the original concentration of the acid decreases producing more H₃O⁺ and CH₃CO₂⁻.

The concentrations at equilibrium when a 0.100M solution of acetic acid reaches this state, is:

[CH₃CO₂H] = 0.100M - X

[H₃O⁺] = X

[CH₃CO₂⁻] = X

<em>Where X is reaction coordinate.</em>

Replacing in Ka expression:

1.8x10⁻⁵ = [H₃O⁺] [CH₃CO₂⁻] / [CH₃CO₂H]

1.8x10⁻⁵ = [X] [X] / [0.100M - X]

1.8x10⁻⁶ - 1.8x10⁻⁵X = X²

1.8x10⁻⁶ - 1.8x10⁻⁵X - X² = 0

Solving for X:

X = -0.00135 → False solution. There is no negative concentrations.

X = 0.00133 → Right solution.

That means concentration of acetate ion is:

[CH₃CO₂⁻] = 0.00133M.

Now, percent ionization is defined as 100 times the ratio between weak acid that is ionizated, [CH₃CO₂⁻] = 0.00133M, per initial concentration of the acid, [CH₃CO₂H] = 0.100M. Replacing:

% Ionization = 0.00133M / 0.100M × 100 =

<h3>1.33%</h3>

<em />

<em />

<em />

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What are possible reasons for a percent yield that is under 100%
matrenka [14]

Answer:

              Percentage Yield is given as,

                 %age Yield  =  Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield × 100

This shows that the %age yield is directly depending upon the actual yield. And most of the time the percentage yield is less than 100 % because of the following factors.

Impure Starting Materials:

                                           If the starting materials (reactants) are not pure then reaction will not completely form the desired product. Different by products will form which will decrease the %age yield.

Incomplete Reactions:

                                     Not all reactions go to completion. In many reactions the starting material after some time stops forming the product due to different conditions. Some reactions attain equilibrium and stop increasing the amount of product. While, in some reactions a by products (like water) formed often react with the product to give a reverse reactions. Hence, the chemistry of reactions also causes the decrease in %age yield.

Handling:

               Another major reason for decrease in yield is handling the product. Always some of the product is lost during the workup of the reaction like, taking TLC, doing solvent extraction, doing column chromatography, taking characterization spectrums. So, we can conclude that the %age yield will always be less than 100%.

5 0
3 years ago
The rms (root-mean-square) speed of a diatomic hydrogen molecule at 50∘c is 2000 m/s. Note that 1. 0 mol of diatomic hydrogen at
Leno4ka [110]

The rms speed will be 500 m/s

<h3>What is Root mean square speed ?</h3>

Root mean square speed (Vrms) is defined as the square root of the mean of the square of speeds of all molecules.

Root mean square speed (vrms) Root mean square speed (vrms) is defined as the square root of the mean of the square of speeds of all molecules

It is given that

Speed of a diatomic hydrogen molecule,2000 m/s

Mol of diatomic hydrogen,1.0

Temperature,50°C

The rms speed of diatomic molecule will be:

√(3KT)/( m)

The translational kinetic energy of a gas molecule is given as:

K.E = (3/2)KT

K.E = (1/2) mv²

where,

v = root mean square velocity

m = mass of one mole of a gas

(3/2)KT = (1/2) mv²

v = √(3KT)/m  

FOR H₂:  v = √(3KT)/m = 2000 m/s  

Here,

mass of 1 mole of oxygen = 16 m

velocity of oxygen = √(3KT)/(16 m)

velocity of oxygen = (1/4) √(3KT)/m

velocity of oxygen = (1/4)(2000 m/s) = 500 m/s

Therefore the  rms (root-mean-square) speed of a oxygen molecule at 50∘c is 500m/s.

To know more about Root mean square speed

brainly.com/question/7213287

#SPJ4

3 0
2 years ago
Solution with a ph of 3 has how many times more h+ ions than one with a ph of 4? 5?
Lerok [7]
Solution with a pH of 3 has 10⁻³ moles of H⁺, solution with a pH of 4 has 10⁻⁴ moles of H⁺ and solution with a pH of 5 has 10⁻⁵ moles of H⁺ (in dm³) so the solution with a pH of 3 has 10 times more H⁺ ions than the solution with a pH of 4 and 100 times more H⁺ ions than the solution with a pH of 5.
8 0
2 years ago
Zinc reacts with excess hydrochloric acid to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. What happens to the reaction rate if you in
agasfer [191]
The correct response I believe is D. The reaction rate increases because the probability of collisions increases as there are more Zn atoms to react.
4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Get it right :D if this is wrong or not correct ill give u a bad review And no brainiest
tangare [24]

Answer:

In short, because we are tearing up the oxygen factories to make way for carbon dioxide emitters. (Doesn't make a lot of sense, read the explanation)

Explanation:

So, 1000 years ago, we had a lot more trees, didn't have engines or cars or factories or anything, really that released carbon dioxide into the air and we had a lot more trees and since the invention of cars, engines, carbon dioxide-emitting tools and factories and all the other things that emit "Greenhouse gases" and in doing that, cleared more trees to make room for factories and roads and that has drastically changed the outlook of the carbon cycle.

4 0
3 years ago
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