Answer:
Halogens
Explanation:
From the given choices, the halogens will have the smallest radius within the same period.
The size of an atom is estimated by the atomic radius. This is taken as half of the inter-nuclear distance between two covalently bonded atoms of non-metallic elements or half of the distance between two nuclei in the solid state.
- Across a period in the periodic table, atomic radii decrease progressively from left to right.
- Down a group from top to bottom, atomic radii increase progressively due to the addition of successive shells.
Since halogen is the right most group from the choices given, it will have the smallest radius.
A solution is not a pure substance as it is a mixture between a solute and a solvent.
Pure substances are substances that are made up of only type of particles and have a fixed structure. In pure substances the matter cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means.
A homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility. The term solution is commonly applied to the liquid state of matter, but solutions of gases and solids are possible.
A solution cannot be a pure substance because it is made up of a homogenous mixture of solute and a solvent. Homogenous means the matter cannot be separated out and therefore a solution cannot be a pure substance.
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Reactivity. It is the ability of matter to combine chemically with other substances.
Use Raoult's Law:
Psolution = (χsolvent) (P°solvent)
24.90 = (x) (25.756)
x = 0.966765 (this is the solvent mole fraction)
χsolute = 1 - 0.966765 = 0.033235
χsolute = 0.03324 (to four sig figs)
