Ask question

Ask question

All categories

3 years ago

5

A sodium atom will absorb light with a wavelength near 589 nm if the light is within 10 MHz of the resonant frequency. The atomi

c mass of sodium is 23. (i) Calculate the number of "yellow" photons of wavelength 2 = 589 nm that must be absorbed to stop a sodium atom initially at room temperature (V-600 m/s). [7 marks] (ii) What is the minimum time needed to cool a sodium atom?

1 answer:

Troyanec [42]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

i)20369 photons

ii) 40 ps

Explanation:

Momentum of one Sodium atom:

$P=m*v =600m/s*23amu*\frac{1 kg}{6.02*10^{23}amu}\\P=2.29*10^{-23}kgm/s$

In other to stop it, it must absorb the same momentum in photons:

$P=2.29*10^{-23}kgm/s=n_{photons}*\frac{h_{planck}}{\lambda}\\=n*\frac{6.63*10^{-34}}{589*10^{-9}} \\==>n=20369 photons$

Now, for the minimun time, we use the speed of light and the wavelength. For the n photons:

$t=n*T=n*\frac{\lambda}{c} =20369*\frac{589nm}{3*10^{8}m/s}=4*10^{-11} second=40 ps$

You might be interested in

A NASA satellite has just observed an asteroid that is on a collision course with the Earth. The asteroid has an estimated mass,

Citrus2011 [14]

Answer:

v = 7934.2 m/s

Explanation:

Here the total energy of the Asteroid and the Earth system will remains conserved

So we will have

$-\frac{GMm}{r} + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2 = -\frac{GMm}{R} + \frac{1}{2}mv^2$

now we know that

$v_0 = 660 m/s$

$M = 5.98 \times 10^{24} kg$

$m = 5 \times 10^9 kg$

$r = 4 \times 10^9 m$

$R = 6.37 \times 10^6 m$

now from above formula

$GMm(\frac{1}{R} - \frac{1}{r}) + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2 = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$

now we have

$2GM(\frac{1}{R} - \frac{1}{r}) + v_0^2 = v^2$

now plug in all data

$2(6.67 \times 10^{-11})(5.98 \times 10^{24})(\frac{1}{6.37 \times 10^6} - \frac{1}{4 \times 10^9}) + (660)^2 = v^2$

$v = 7934.2 m/s$

5 0

3 years ago

Dwayne ‘The Rock’ Johnson needs to escape from the fourth floor of a burning building (in a movie). He ties a rope around his wa

ZanzabumX [31]

Answer:

Final Speed of Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson = 15.812 m/s

Explanation:

Let's start out with finding the force acting downwards because of the mass of 'The Rock':

Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson: 118kg x 9.81m/s = 1157.58 N

Now the problem also states that the kinetic friction of the desk in this problem is 370 N

Since the pulley is smooth, the weight of Dwayne Johnson being transferred fully, and pulls the desk with a force of 1157.58 N. The frictional force of the desk is resisting this motion by a force of 370 N. Subtracting both forces we get the resultant force on the desk to be: 1157.58 - 370 = 787.58 N

Now lets use F = ma to calculate for the acceleration of the desk:

787.58 = 63 x acceleration

acceleration = 12.501 m/s

Finally, we can use the motion equation:

$v^2 - u^2 = 2*a*s$

here u = 0 m/s (since initial speed of the desk is 0)

a = 12.501 m/s

and s = 10 m

Solving this we get:

$v^2 - 0 = 2 * 12.501 * 10$

$v = 15.812 m/s$

Since the desk and Mr. Dwayne Johnson are connected by a taught rope, they are travelling at the same speed. Thus, Dwayne also travels at 15.812 m/s when the desk reaches the window.

5 0

3 years ago

How does vegetation in the soil affect the rate of erosion

avanturin [10]

Answer:

Plants slow down water as it flows over the land and this allows much of the rain to soak into the ground. Plant roots hold the soil in position and prevent it from being blown or washed away. Plants break the impact of a raindrop before it hits the soil, reducing the soil's ability to erode.

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago

Tara is an electrician. Which field of science does Tara need to know the most about in order to do her job?

katovenus [111]

Chemistry and physics

3 0

3 years ago

The magnitude of electrical force between a pair of charged particles is ____ as much when the particles are moved half as far a

Gnesinka [82]

The magnitude of the electrical force between a pair of charged particles is 4 Times as much when the particles are moved half as far apart.

This can be easily understood by Columb's law,

$F_{new} = \frac{kQ_{1}Q_{2}}{r^{2}}$

which state's that the amount of electrical force experienced by two charged particles is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

∴ $\frac{F_{new} }{F_{old} } = \frac{Distance_{new}^{2} }{Distance_{old}^{2} }$

Now, we know the new distance is half the original distance,

$F_{new} = \frac{kQ_{1}Q_{2}}{\frac{r}{2}^{2} } \\F_{new} = 4\frac{kQ_{1}Q_{2}}{r^{2}}$

$F_{new} = 4F_{old}$

The electrical force of attraction or electrostatic force of attraction between two charged particles refers to the amount of attractive or repulsive force that exists between the two charges. This can be calculated by Columb's Law.

A charged particle in physics is a particle that has an electric charge. It might be an ion, such as a molecule or atom having an excess or shortage of electrons in comparison to protons. The same charge is thought to be shared by an electron, a proton, or another primary particle.

Learn more about electrical force here

brainly.com/question/2526815

#SPJ4

8 0

1 year ago