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maw [93]
3 years ago
15

Since entropy is about how energy is shared, it is important to be able to identify places where energy can be put, or degrees o

f freedom. For example, a monoatomic atom moving in three dimensions in free space has three places to put energy: kinetic energy for motion in three independent directions, so it has three degrees of freedom. (Because of quantum mechanics, a perfectly spherical atom cannot have any energy of rotation.) A rigid diatomic molecule can have three kinetic energy degrees of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom since it can rotate about two different axes. (Rotation about the axis through the center line of the molecule doesn't have any rotational energy, again because of quantum mechanics and the fact that it doesn't change when it makes that rotation.) Both kinetic and potential energies can serve as degrees of freedom. To see more about these issues, see the reading Example: Degrees of freedom. For this problem assume that you can ignore gravity. a. Consider a gas consisting of a box of N argon atoms. How many degrees of freedom do you expect the gas to have?b. Consider a gas consisting o' a box of N carbon-monoxide molecules. Assuming that you can treat the bond as rigid, how many degrees of freedom do you expect the gas to have?c. If you consider a gas consisting of a box of N carbon-monoxide molecules. Assuming that you can treat the bond is a spring that can only vibrate along the axis joining the two atoms (and not sideways), how many degrees of freedom do you expect the gas to have?d. Consider a gas consisting of water vapor with N molecules having three atoms rigidly bonded in an angled shape (not a straight line). How many degrees of freedom do you expect this gas to have?e. On average, when thermal energy is added to a substance, the energy is shared equally among the degrees of freedom. Since the temperature of a substance is proportional to the average energy in a degree of freedom, which of the mode substances do you expect would have the largest specific heat? (That is, which substance would change temperature the least in response to the addition of a given amount of thermal energy.)
Physics
1 answer:
Fiesta28 [93]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Please see answer in explanation

Explanation:

1. Since each molecule has three kinetic degrees of freedom (can move in three independent directions), the gas must have 3N DoFs.

2. Each molecule has the three kinetic degrees of freedom the monotonic atom has ­­ moving without rotating ­­ but it can also spin. There are three axes for it to spin around so we would expect three rotational degrees of freedom, but as were as above, the one about the diatomic molecule's axis doesn't count because of quantum. So we have two rotational DoFs and three kinetic, for a total of 5 per molecules. So the gas will have 5N DoFs.

3.When a spring vibrates it has two DoFs, its KE and its PE, so adding 1 vibration adds 2 DoFs per molecule, giving 7 per molecule and giving thegas 7N DoFs.

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Two students were climbing stairs at school. Student 1 has a weight of 700 N. Student 2 has a weight of 650 N. How much power wo
KIM [24]

Student 1 would have a power 467 W and student 2 would have a power of 433 W. The correct option is the fourth option - Student 1 would have 467 W, and Student 2 would have 433 W of power.

From the question,

We are to calculate the power each student would have to climb the flight of stairs.

Power can be calculated using the formula

P = \frac{F \times d}{t}

Where

P is Power

F is the force

d is the distance

and t is the time

NOTE: The weight of the students represent the force

  • For student 1

F = 700 N

d = 4 m

t = 6 s

∴ P = \frac{700 \times 4}{6}

P = 467 W

  • For student 2

F = 650 N

d = 4 m

t = 6 s

∴ P = \frac{650 \times 4}{6}

P = 433 W

Hence, Student 1 would have a power 467 W and student 2 would have a power of 433 W. The correct option is the fourth option - Student 1 would have 467 W, and Student 2 would have 433 W of power.

Learn more here: brainly.com/question/18801566

3 0
2 years ago
What is the difference between liquid water and water vapor?
Alecsey [184]

Answer:

Explanation:

Liquid water changes to water vapor when it evaporates or boils. The gas inside the bubbles of boiling water is water vapor. Water vapor can change back into liquid water when it cools down. Water vapor is always invisible.

5 0
3 years ago
Galileo started modern science because he started using ? Rather than speculation
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By using the telescope
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3 years ago
What is strain?
Sholpan [36]

Answer:

C) The ratio of the change in an object's length to its original length when stretched or compressed.

Explanation:

The formula for strain is:

Strain = Change in Length/Origin Length

Hence, it can be described as the percentile of change in the dimension with respect to the original dimension. So, whenever a tensile or a compressive force is applied on a body, its length changes. The ratio of this change to original length is called strain. So, the correct option is:

C) <u>The ratio of the change in an object's length to its original length when stretched or compressed.</u>

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3 years ago
a fan is rotating clockwise and its acceleration has a positive sign. is the angular velocity of the fan speeding up, slowing do
balu736 [363]

Answer:

The angular velocity is slowing down.

Explanation:

  • By convention, if a rigid body is rotating clockwise, the angular velocity is negative.
  • If the angular acceleration has a positive sign, since the angular acceleration and the angular velocity have opposite signs, this means that the angular velocity is slowing down.
5 0
2 years ago
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