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3 years ago

What is the main difference between an internal cumbustion engine and a external combination engine

1 answer:

5 0

Internal and external combustion engines are two types of heat engines: they convert thermal energy into mechanical energy. The main difference between internal and external combustion engine is that in internal combustion engines, the working fluid burns inside the cylinder, whereas in external combustion engines, combustion takes place outside the cylinder and heat is then transferred to the working fluid.

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Light emitting diode (LEDs) light bulbs have become required in recent years, but do they make financial sense? Suppose a typica

kogti [31]

Answer:

The break even cost is $0.0063825

Explanation:

Break-even cost is the amount of money, or change in value, which equates to the amount at which an asset must be sold to equal the cost of acquiring it. For easier understanding it can be thought the amount of money for which a product or service must be sold to cover the costs of manufacturing or providing it.

Wattage = W

Cost per kilo watt hour = C

Number of hours per year = H

Price per bulb/CFL = P

Discount rate = 11%

Life of bulb = 2 years

Price of bulb = $0.39

Wattage consumption of bulb per hours = 60

Life of CFL = 24 years

Price of CFL = $3.10

Wattage consumption of CFL per hour = 15

Calculate the Equated Annual Cost (EAC) of bulb

EAC = {- P - (W/1000 x H x C) x (PVIFA 11%, 2years)}/ (PVIFA 11%, 2years)

PVIFA 11%, 2years = Annuity PV Factor = [1 – {(1 + r)^(-n)}]/r, where r is the rate per period and n is the number per periods

PVIFA 11%, 2 years = [1 – {(1 + 0.11)^(-2)}]/0.11 = 1.712523 (for 2 years)

PVIFA 11%, 24 years = [1 – {(1 + 0.11)^(-24)}]/0.11 = 8.348136 (for 2 years)

Calculate the EAC of bulb

EAC = {- P - (W/1000 x H x C) x (PVIFA 11%, 2 years)}/ (PVIFA 11%, 2 years)

EAC = {- 0.39 - (60/1000 x H x C) x (1.712523)}/ (1.712523)

EAC = {-0.39 – (51.37570 x C)}/ 1.712523, consider this equation 1

Calculate the EAC of CFL

EAC = {- P - (W/1000 x H x C) x (PVIFA 11%, 24 years)}/ (PVIFA 11%, 24 years)

EAC = {- 3.10 - (15/1000 x 500 x C) x (8.348136)}/ (8.348136)

EAC = {-3.10 – (62.61102 x C)}/8.348137, consider this equation 2

Equate 1 and 2 to find the amount of C

{-0.39 – (51.37570 x C)}/ 1.712523 = {-3.10 – (62.61102 x C)}/8.348137

{-0.39 – (51.37570 x C) x 8.348137} = {-3.10 – (62.61102 x C) x 1.712523}

C = $0.0063825

Thus, the break- even cost per kilo – watt is $0.0063825

3 0

2 years ago

A 70mm long blockhas cross-section of 50mm by 10mm the block is subjected to forces 60KN (tension) on the 50mm by 10mm face and

sammy [17]

Answer:

970 kN

Explanation:

The length of the block = 70 mm

The cross section of the block = 50 mm by 10 mm

The tension force applies to the 50 mm by 10 mm face, F₁ = 60 kN

The compression force applied to the 70 mm by 10 mm face, F₂ = 110 kN

By volumetric stress, we have that for there to be no change in volume, the total pressure applied by the given applied forces should be equal to the pressure removed by the added applied force

The pressure due to the force F₁ = 60 kN/(50 mm × 10 mm) = 120 MPa

The pressure due to the force F₂ = 110 kN/(70 mm × 10 mm) = 157.142857 MPa

The total pressure applied to the block, P = 120 MPa + 157.142857 MPa = 277.142857 MPa

The required force, F₃ = 277.142857 MPa × (70 mm × 50 mm) = 970 kN

7 0

2 years ago

Consider steady-state conditions for one-dimensional conduction in a plane wall having a thermal conductivity k = 50 W/m · K and

tatuchka [14]

Answer:

solution:

dT/dx =T2-T1/L

q_x = -k*(dT/dx)

Case (1)

dT/dx= (-20-50)/0.35==> -280 K/m

q_x =-50*(-280)*10^3==>14 kW

Case (2)

dT/dx= (-10+30)/0.35==> 80 K/m

q_x =-50*(80)*10^3==>-4 kW

Case (2)

dT/dx= (-10+30)/0.35==> 80 K/m

q_x =-50*(80)*10^3==>-4 kW

Case (3)

q_x =-50*(160)*10^3==>-8 kW

T2=T1+dT/dx*L=70+160*0.25==> 110° C

Case (4)

q_x =-50*(-80)*10^3==>4 kW

T1=T2-dT/dx*L=40+80*0.25==> 60° C

Case (5)

q_x =-50*(200)*10^3==>-10 kW

T1=T2-dT/dx*L=30-200*0.25==> -20° C

note:

all graph are attached

6 0

3 years ago

Reactants → products

Nat2105 [25]

The answer is A

Explanation: the conservation of matter means that the mass stays the same

4 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

A student connects four AA batteries (1.5 V each) in series to light up a light bulb. The circuit has a resistance of 35 2. How

allsm [11]

Answer:

Explanation:

6/35=0.17

8 0

3 years ago