The equilibrium vapour pressure is typically the pressure exerted by a liquid .... it is A FUNCTION of temperature...
Explanation:
By way of example, chemists and physicists habitually use
P
saturated vapour pressure
...where
P
SVP
is the vapour pressure exerted by liquid water. At
100
∘
C
,
P
SVP
=
1
⋅
a
t
m
. Why?
Well, because this is the normal boiling point of water: i.e. the conditions of pressure (i.e. here
1
⋅
a
t
m
) and temperature, here
100
∘
C
, at which the VAPOUR PRESSURE of the liquid is ONE ATMOSPHERE...and bubbles of vapour form directly in the liquid. As an undergraduate you should commit this definition, or your text definition, to memory...
At lower temperatures, water exerts a much lower vapour pressure...but these should often be used in calculations...especially when a gas is collected by water displacement. Tables of
saturated vapour pressure
are available.
Answer: (a) The solubility of CuCl in pure water is 
.
(b) The solubility of CuCl in 0.1 M NaCl is 
.
Explanation:
(a) Chemical equation for the given reaction in pure water is as follows.
Initial: 0 0
Change: +x +x
Equilibm: x x
And, equilibrium expression is as follows.
![K_{sp} = [Cu^{+}][Cl^{-}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_%7Bsp%7D%20%3D%20%5BCu%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%5BCl%5E%7B-%7D%5D)
x =
Hence, the solubility of CuCl in pure water is .
(b) When NaCl is 0.1 M,
,
, 
Net equation: 
= 0.1044
So for,
Initial: 0.1 0
Change: -x +x
Equilibm: 0.1 - x x
Now, the equilibrium expression is as follows.
K' = 
0.1044 = 
x =
Therefore, the solubility of CuCl in 0.1 M NaCl is .
Answer:
Coal
Explanation:
Coal produces more pollution than any other energy source. While coal produces just 44% of U.S. electricity, it accounts for 80% of power plant carbon emissions. Burning coal leads to soot, smog, acid rain, global warming, and carbon emissions.
A chemical reaction that releases energy usually in the form of heat
