Question

Which of the following models represents a historical or modern model of the atom? a. The plum-pudding model. Selected:b. The planetary model.This answer is incorrect. c. The quantum-mechanical model. d. Dalton's model of the atom. e. All of the above. f. None of the above.

Answer 1

Answer:

Modern model of the atom: c. The quantum-mechanical model

Historical: a. The plum-pudding model

                 b. The planetary model

                 d. Dalton's model of the atom

Explanation:

The model of the atom given by quantum mechanics is the most modern and complex, it is based on the mathematical form of the atomic structure. Quantum theory states that matter has properties associated with waves, which is why the model of the atom was based on this hypothesis. The so-called Uncertainty Principle determines that the electron does not have an exact position in atmospheric electricity, neither defined velocity nor direction.

Thomson proposed, in 1904, an atomic model known as the plum pudding model, according to which electrons were like negative 'plums' embedded in a 'pudding' of positive matter. It is a theory about the atomic structure, the atom is composed of negatively charged electrons in a positive atom.

Rutherford atomic model. For Ernest Rutherford, the atom was a planetary electron system revolving around a heavy atomic nucleus with a positive electrical charge. Electrons revolve long distances around the nucleus in circular orbits.

Dalton's atomic theory is based on the following statements:

- Matter is made up of atoms, which are indivisible and indestructible particles.

- All atoms of the same chemical element are equal in mass and properties and different from the atoms of any other element.