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poizon [28]
3 years ago
10

In the Haber reaction, patented by German chemist Fritz Haber in 1908, dinitrogen gas combines with dihydrogen gas to produce ga

seous ammonia. This reaction is now the first step taken to make most of the world's fertilizer.
Suppose a chemical engineer studying a new catalyst for the Haber reaction finds that 505 liters per second of dinitrogen are consumed when the reaction is run at 172 oC and 0.88 atm. Calculate the rate at which ammonia is being produced. Give your answer in kilograms per second. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Reptile [31]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

The rate at which ammonia is being produced is 0.41 kg/sec.

Explanation:

N_2+3H_2\rightarrow 2NH_3 Haber reaction

Volume of dinitrogen consumed in a second = 505 L

Temperature at which reaction is carried out,T= 172°C = 445.15 K

Pressure at which reaction is carried out, P = 0.88 atm

Let the moles of dinitrogen be n.

Using an Ideal gas equation:

PV=nRT

n=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{0.88 atm\times 505 L}{0.0821 atm l/mol K\times 445.15 K}=12.1597 mol

According to reaction , 1 mol of ditnitrogen gas produces 2 moles of ammonia.

Then 12.1597 mol of dinitrogen will produce :

\frac{2}{1}\times 12.1597 mol=24.3194 mol of ammonia

Mass of 24.3194 moles of ammonia =24.3194 mol × 17 g/mol

=413.43 g=0.41343 kg ≈ 0.41 kg

505 L of dinitrogen are consumed in 1 second to produce 0.41 kg of ammonia in 1 second. So the rate at which ammonia is being produced is 0.41 kg/sec.

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8 0
2 years ago
Amoxicillin Suspension 125 mg/ 5 ml is 125 mg of Amoxicillin per 5 ml of suspension is an example of weight to ________.
kkurt [141]

Answer : Amoxicillin Suspension 125 mg/ 5 ml is 125 mg of Amoxicillin per 5 ml of suspension is an example of weight to volume.

Explanation :

Weight by volume (w/v) means that the mass of solute present in 100 mL volume of solution.

Weight by weight (w/w) means that the mass of solute present in 100 gram of solution.

Volume by volume (v/v) means that the volume of solute present in 100 mL volume of solution.

As per question, amoxicillin suspension is, 125 mg/ 5 ml that means 125 mg of Amoxicillin present in 5 mL of suspension. So, it is an example of weight to volume.

Hence, it is an example of weight to volume.

8 0
3 years ago
Consider the following equilibrium: 2SO^2(g) + O2(9) = 2 SO3^(g)
saul85 [17]

Answer:

At equilibrium, the forward and backward reaction rates are equal.

The forward reaction rate would decrease if \rm O_2 is removed from the mixture. The reason is that collisions between \rm SO_2 molecules and \rm O_2\! molecules would become less frequent.

The reaction would not be at equilibrium for a while after \rm O_2 was taken out of the mixture.

Explanation:

<h3>Equilibrium</h3>

Neither the forward reaction nor the backward reaction would stop when this reversible reaction is at an equilibrium. Rather, the rate of these two reactions would become equal.

Whenever the forward reaction adds one mole of \rm SO_3\, (g) to the system, the backward reaction would have broken down the same amount of \rm SO_3\, (g)\!. So is the case for \rm SO_2\, (g) and \rm O_2\, (g).

Therefore, the concentration of each species would stay the same. There would be no macroscopic change to the mixture when it is at an an equilibrium.

<h3>Collision Theory</h3>

In the collision theory, an elementary reaction between two reactants particles takes place whenever two reactant particles collide with the correct orientation and a sufficient amount of energy.

Assume that \rm SO_2\, (g) and \rm O_2\, (g) molecules are the two particles that collide in the forward reaction. Because the collision has to be sufficiently energetic to yield \rm SO_3\, (g), only a fraction of the reactions will be fruitful.

Assume that \rm O_2\, (g) molecules were taken out while keeping the temperature of the mixture stays unchanged. The likelihood that a collision would be fruitful should stay mostly the same.

Because fewer \!\rm O_2\, (g) molecules would be present in the mixture, there would be fewer collisions (fruitful or not) between \rm SO_2\, (g) and \rm O_2\, (g)\! molecules in unit time. Even if the percentage of fruitful collisions stays the same, there would fewer fruitful collisions in unit time. It would thus appear that the forward reaction has become slower.

<h3>Equilibrium after Change</h3>

The backward reaction rate is likely going to stay the same right after \rm O_2\, (g) was taken out of the mixture without changing the temperature or pressure.

The forward and backward reaction rates used to be the same. However, right after the change, the forward reaction would become slower while the backward reaction would proceed at the same rate. Thus, the forward reaction would become slower than the backward reaction in response to the change.

Therefore, this reaction would not be at equilibrium immediately after the change.

As more and more \rm SO_3\, (g) gets converted to \rm SO_2\, (g) and \rm O_2\, (g), the backward reaction would slow down while the forward reaction would pick up speed. The mixture would once again achieve equilibrium when the two reaction rates become equal again.

5 0
2 years ago
A 1.85 kg textbook is sitting on a bookshelf 2.23 m above the floor. How much potential energy does it have?
neonofarm [45]

Answer:

\boxed {\boxed {\sf 40.4299 \ Joules}}

Explanation:

Potential energy is energy due to position. It is the product of mass, height, and acceleration due to gravity.

PE= m \times g \times h

The mass of the textbook is 1.85 kilograms. Assuming this is on Earth, the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 meters per square second. The height is 2.23 meters.

  • m= 1.85 kg
  • g= 9.8 m/s²
  • h= 2.23 m

Substitute the values into the formula.

PE = 1.85 \ kg \times 9.8 \ m/s^2 \times 2.23 \ m

Multiply the first 2 numbers together.

PE=18.13 \ kg*m/s^2 *2.23 \ m

Multiply again.

PE= 40.4299 \ kg*m^2/s^2

  • 1 kilogram square meter per square second (1 kg*m²/s²) is equal to 1 Joules (J)
  • Our answer of 40.4299 kg*m²/s² is equal to 40.4299 J

PE= 40.4299 \ J

The textbook has <u>40.4299 Joules of potential energy.</u>

7 0
3 years ago
What's a hypothesis for Which fruit contains the most vitamin c?
yan [13]
Find a fruit you think is the one that contains the most vitamin C.

For example: kiwi

Answer: I hypothesize that kiwi contains the most vitamin C

Then after that you test your hypothesis by comparing fruit that contains vitamin C in an experiment.
4 0
2 years ago
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