Answer:
minimum length of a surface crack is 18.3 mm
Explanation:
Given data
plane strain fracture toughness K = 82.4 MPa m1/2
stress σ = 345 MPa
Y = 1
to find out
the minimum length of a surface crack
solution
we will calculate length by this formula
length = 1/π ( K / σ Y)²
put all value
length = 1/π ( K / σ Y)²
length = 1/π ( 82.4
/ 345× 1)²
length = 18.3 mm
minimum length of a surface crack is 18.3 mm
The work done by the battery is equal to the charge transferred during the process times the potential difference between the two terminals of the battery:

where q is the charge and

is the potential difference.
In our problem, the work done is W=39 J while the potential difference of the battery is

, so we can find the charge transferred by the battery:
Three things that effect a life system would be
- sunlight
-water
-energy/food
Hope this helps
Answer:
The smallest radius will be four (4) times the initial radius
Explanation:
The car maintains a constant angular speed. According to Newton's Second Law F = m a
1. 
2. 
Replacing 2 in 1
3. 
Where:
Fr= Frictional force
Rp= Initial Radius
An= Centripetal Acceleration
M= Mass
V= Velocity
Also we have that:
4. 
μ= Coefficient of friction between the car and the surface
M= Mass
W= Weight
G= Gravity
r is cleared from equation 3
5. 
Replacing 4 in 5
6. 
Simplifying
7. 
Now we have a new velocity equal to twice the initial velocity, We replace it by 2v in equation 7
8. 
Computing
9. 
Replacing 5 in 9
