Answer:
(a)
(b)
(c)
Explanation:
For a reaction involving sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, the balanced equation of reaction is:
For a reaction involving sodium hydroxide and acetic acid, the balanced equation of reaction is:
For a reaction involving sodium hydroxide and phosphoric acid, the balanced equation of reaction is:
To illustrate the Lewis structure,
P has 5 valence electrons
O has 6 valence electrons (each for 4 oxygen)
And finally, for every negative charge, there is an additional valence electron
We should add these all up = 5 + 24 + 3 = 32 valence electrons
With this, we can be guided to illustrate the lewis structure as P as central atom and the 3 oxygen each with a single bond with P and 1 oxygen with a double bond with P. We place the valence electrons until octet rule is satisfied,
we will be left with 12 lone pairs for phosphate ion.
Please provide full question...:)
The half-life gets longer as the initial concentration increases in zero-order reaction.
The amount of time it takes for the concentration of a given reactant to reach 50% of its initial concentration is known as the half-life of a chemical reaction (i.e. the time taken for the reactant concentration to reach half of its initial value).
For zero order reaction:
The half-life is given as:
where k is the rate constant of the reaction and is the initial concentration.
As we can see that the half-life is directly proportional to the initial concentration. Therefore, when the initial concentration increases the half-life gets longer.
For the first-order reaction,
The half-life is given as:
A first-order reaction's half-life is independent of the initial concentration.
For a second-order reaction,
The half-life is:
The initial concentration is inversely proportional to the half-life, so when the initial concentration increases the half-life will get shorter.
Learn more about half life here:
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Answer:
Q = 5555.6J
Explanation:
Mass of glass piece, m = 453g
initial temperature = 25.7°C
temperature to be attained = 40.3°C
⇒change in temperature, Δt = 40.3 - 25.7 = 14.6°C
specific heat of glass, s = 0.840J/g°C
Heat absorbed, Q = msΔt
⇒Q = 453×0.840×14.6 = 5555.592J
⇒<u>Q = 5555.6J</u> (rounded to the nearest tenth)