What makes a theory scientific? this is for earth and space science .

1 answer:

algol133 years ago

6 0

A scientific theory is a principle that can be falsified. The theory has to make strong statements about evidence. If the statements aren't strong, then the theory fits any evidence, and is unfalsifiable.

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Alkynes are reduced to trans alkenes by a process called dissolving metal reduction. The reaction uses sodium or lithium metal a

NISA [10]

Answer:

Explanation:

The movement of the electrons is illustrated in the picture attached to this answer. It is a four-step reaction mechanism.

First STEP: The first step involves the transfer of an electron from sodium to form a radical anion.

Second STEP: This radical anion then removes a proton/hydrogen from ammonia in a bid to neutralize itself (hence the hydrogen becomes bonded to the anion).

Third STEP: The sodium (from NaNH₂ formed) transfers an electron again to produce a vinyl carbanion.

Fourth STEP: The carbanion then removes a proton/hydrogen from ammonia (like in the second step) to form a neutral trans-alkene.

NOTE: The circled numbers denote each step while the mechanism on the left represents the use of any alkyl group (R and R') while the mechanism on the right assumes both alkyl groups are methyl. Hence, 2-butyne started the reaction and the final product was trans-2-butene.