Answer:
125.83672 seconds
Explanation:
P = Power of the horse = 1 hp = 746 W (as it is not given we have assumed the horse has the power of 1 hp)
m = Mass of professor = 103 kg
g = Acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s²
h = Height of professor = 93 m
Work done would be equal to the potential energy

Power is given by

The time taken by the horse to pull the professor is 125.83672 seconds
According to the Bernoulli's equation,the pressure difference between the wide and narrow ends of the pipe is given by

Here,
is the velocity of water through wide ends of cylindrical pipe and
is the velocity of water through narrow ends of cylindrical pipe.
Given, 
Now from equation continuity,
.
Here,
and
are cross- sectional areas of wide and narrow ends of cylindrical pipe.
As pipe is circular, so
.
At the second point, the diameter is halved, which means the radius is also halved. Therefore,


Substituting these values with the density of water is
in pressure difference formula we get.

Explanation:
The given data is as follows.
Velocity of bullet,
= 814.8 m/s
Observer distance from marksman, d = 24.7 m
Let us assume that time necessary for report of rifle to reach the observer is t and will be calculated as follows.
t =
(velocity in air = 343 m/s)
= 0.072 sec
Now, before the observer hears the report the distance traveled by the bullet is as follows.

= 
= 58.66
= 59 (approx)
Thus, we can conclude that each bullet will travel a distance of 59 m.