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Lesechka [4]
3 years ago
8

In Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, narrow atomic lines are desirable. However, line broadening arises from: (a) Jablonski e

ffect (b) Doppler effect (c) Plasma Effect (d) Background effect (e) Blue sky effect
Chemistry
1 answer:
LenKa [72]3 years ago
7 0

Answer: b) Doppler Effect

Explanation:

Line broadening in AAS, arises due to some effects, which can occur due to a number of factors. The line width broadening effects include: Doppler, Lorentz, Self absorption, and quenching effects.

Doppler effect arises because along the line of observation, atoms will have different components of velocity.

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An equilibrium mixture of PCl 5 ( g ) , PCl 3 ( g ) , and Cl 2 ( g ) has partial pressures of 217.0 Torr, 13.2 Torr, and 13.2 To
antoniya [11.8K]

Answer: The new partial pressures of PCl_5,PCl_3\text{ and }Cl_2 when equilibrium is re-established are 223.4 torr, 6.82 torr and 26.4 torr respectively.

Explanation:

For the given chemical reaction:

PCl_3(g)+Cl_2(g)\rightleftharpoons PCl_5(g)

The expression of K_p for above reaction follows:

K_p=\frac{P_{PCl_5}}{P_{PCl_3}\times P_{Cl_2}}         ........(1)

We are given:

P_{PCl_5}=217.0torr

P_{PCl_3}=13.2torr

P_{Cl_2}=13.2torr

Putting values in above equation, we get:

K_p=\frac{217.0}{13.2\times 13.2}\\\\K_p=1.24

Now we have to calculate the new partial pressure of Cl_2.

P_{PCl_5}+P_{PCl_3}+P_{Cl_2}=P_{Total}

217.0torr+13.2torr+P_{Cl_2}=263.0torr

P_{Cl_2}=32.8torr

The reaction is re-established and proceed to right direction by Le-Chatelier's principle to cancel the effect of addition of Cl_2.

Now, the equilibrium is shifting to the reactant side. The equation follows:

                       PCl_3(g)+Cl_2(g)\rightleftharpoons PCl_5(g)

Initial:             13.2         32.8            217.0

At eqm:         13.2-x      32.8-x         217.0+x

Putting values in expression 1, we get:

1.24=\frac{(217.0+x)}{(13.2-x)(32.8-x)}\\\\x=40.4,6.38

Neglecting the 40.4 value of 'x'  because pressure can not be more than initial partial pressure.

Thus, the value of 'x' will be, 6.38 torr.

Now we have to calculate the new partial pressures after equilibrium is reestablished.

Partial pressure of PCl_5 = (217.0+x) = (217.0+6.38) = 223.4 torr

Partial pressure of PCl_3 = (13.2-x) = (13.2-6.38) = 6.82 torr

Partial pressure of Cl_2 = (32.8-x) = (32.8-6.38) = 26.4 torr

Hence, the new partial pressures of PCl_5,PCl_3\text{ and }Cl_2 when equilibrium is re-established are 223.4 torr, 6.82 torr and 26.4 torr respectively.

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