Eight energy corporations made plans to increase their combined spending on efficiency programs to $50 million per year for the
1 answer:
Answer:
F=531831381
Explanation:
There are two ways of doing this question:
1) By Formula
2) By Using Compound interest Table
By Formula:
Where:
F is future value
A is annual amount per year
i is interest rate
n is number of years
F=531831381
By Using Compound interest Table:
F=A(F/A,i,n)
From Table F/A at i=8% and n=8 is 10.6366
F=50000000*(10.6366)
F=531830000≅531831381
The difference in two answers is due to decimal points if you take value from table to greater decimal points you will get the exact answer as by using formula.
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Answer:
The maximum theoretical height that the pump can be placed above liquid level is
Explanation:
To pump the water, we need to avoid cavitation. Cavitation is a phenomenon in which liquid experiences a phase transition into the vapour phase because pressure drops below the liquid's vapour pressure at that temperature. As a liquid is pumped upwards, it's pressure drops. to see why, let's look at Bernoulli's equation:
( stands here for density,
for height)
Now, we are assuming that there aren't friction losses here. If we assume further that the fluid is pumped out at a very small rate, the velocity term would be negligible, and we get:
This means that pressure drop is proportional to the suction lift's height.
We want the pressure drop to be small enough for the fluid's pressure to be always above vapour pressure, in the extreme the fluid's pressure will be almost equal to vapour pressure.
That means:
We insert that into our last equation and get:
And that is the absolute highest height that the pump could bear. This, assuming that there isn't friction on the suction pipe's walls, in reality the height might be much less, depending on the system's pipes and pump.
Answer:
Explanation:
The adiabatic throttling process is modelled after the First Law of Thermodynamics:
Properties of water at inlet and outlet are obtained from steam tables:
State 1 - Inlet (Liquid-Vapor Mixture)
State 2 - Outlet (Superheated Vapor)
The change of entropy of the steam is derived of the Second Law of Thermodynamics: