A solar cell has an open circuit voltage value of 0.60 V with a reverse saturation current density of Jo = 3.9 × 10−9 A/m2 . The
temperature of the cell is 27◦C, the cell voltage is 0.52 V, and the cell area is 28 m2 . If the solar irradiation is 485 W/m2 , determine the power output and the efficiency of the solar cell.
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Answer:
The Balmer series refers to the spectral lines of hydrogen, associated to the emission of photons when an electron in the hydrogen atom jumps from a level to the level
.
The wavelength associated to each spectral line of the Balmer series is given by:
where is the Rydberg constant for hydrogen, and where
is the initial level of the electron that jumps to the level n = 2.
The first few spectral lines associated to this series are withing the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, and their wavelengths are:
656 nm (red, corresponding to the transition )
486 nm (green, )
434 nm (blue, )
410 nm (violet, )
All the following lines lie in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum. The limit of the Balmer series, corresponding to the transition , is at 364.6 nm.