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4 years ago

What is energy in motion called

Chemistry

1 answer:

oee [108]4 years ago

3 0

Is it kinetic energy

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PLEASE HELP!! Thanks! How much heat (in kJ) is required to warm 13.0 g of ice, initially at -10.0 ∘C, to steam at 111.0 ∘C? The

ZanzabumX [31]

Answer:

Approximately 39.7 kJ.

Assumptions: the specific heat capacity of water is $\rm 4.182\; J \cdot mol^{-1}$ , the melting point of water is $\rm 0\, ^{\circ} C$ , and that the boiling point of water is $\rm 100 \,^{\circ} C$ .

Explanation:

It takes five steps to convert 13.0 grams of $\rm \text{-}10.0\, ^{\circ}C$ ice to steam at $\rm 111.0\,^{\circ}C$ .

Step one: heat the 13.0 gram of ice from $\rm \text{-}10.0\, ^{\circ}C$ to $\rm 0\,^{\circ}C$ . The change in temperature would be $\rm 10.0\,^{\circ}C$ .
Step two: supply the heat of fusion to convert that 13.0 gram of ice to water.
Step three: heat the 13.0 gram of water from $\rm 0\,^{\circ}C$ to $\rm 100\,^{\circ}C$ . The change in temperature would be $\rm 100\,^{\circ}C$ .
Step four: supply the heat of vaporization to convert that 13.0 gram of water to steam.
Step five: heat the 13.0 gram of steam from $\rm 100\,^{\circ}C$ to $\rm 111.0\,^{\circ}C$ . The change in temperature would be $\rm 11.0\,^{\circ}C$ .

<h3>Energy required for step one, three, and five</h3>

The following equation gives the amount of energy $Q$ required to raise the temperature of an object by a $\Delta T$ :

$Q = c \cdot m \cdot \Delta T$ .

In this equation,

$c$ is the specific heat of this substance,
$m$ is the mass of the substance, and
$\Delta T$ is the change in the temperature of the object.

Assume that there's no mass loss in this whole process. The value of $m$ would stay the same at $13.0\; \rm g$ .

$\begin{aligned}& &&\text{Energy required for raising temperature} \cr &=&& c(\text{Ice}) \cdot m \cdot \Delta(\text{Ice}) \cr & && + c(\text{Water}) \cdot m \cdot \Delta(\text{Water})\cr & && + c(\text{Steam}) \cdot m \cdot \Delta(\text{Steam}) \cr & = && (2.09 \times 13.0 \times 10) \cr & && + (4.182 \times 13.0 \times 100) \cr & &&+ ( 2.01 \times 13.0 \times 10) \cr & = && 5969.6\;\rm J \cr & = && 5.969\; \rm kJ\end{aligned}$ .

<h3>Energy required for step two and four</h3>

The equations for the energy of fusion and energy of vaporization are quite similar:

$E(\text{Fusion}) = n \cdot \Delta H_\text{Fusion}$ .

$E(\text{Vaporization}) = n \cdot \Delta H_\text{Vaporization}$ .

where $n$ is the number of moles of the substance.

Look up the relative atomic mass of oxygen and hydrogen from a modern periodic table:

H: 1.008,
O: 15.999.

Hence the molar mass of water:

$M(\rm H_2O) = 2\times 1.008 + 15.999 = 18.015\; g \cdot mol^{-1}$ .

Number of moles of $\rm H_2O$ molecules in $\rm 13.0\; g$ :

$\displaystyle n = \frac{m}{M} \approx 0.721621\; \rm mol$ .

$\begin{aligned}& &&\text{Energy required for phase changes} \cr &=&& n \cdot \Delta H_\text{Fusion} \cr & &&+n \cdot \Delta H_\text{Vaporization} \cr & = &&0.721621 \times 6.02 + 0.721621 \times 40.7 \cr & = &&33.7\; \rm kJ \end{aligned}$

<h3>Energy required for all five steps, combined</h3>

$5.969\; \rm kJ + 33.7\; \rm kJ \approx 39.7\; \rm kJ$ .

8 0

3 years ago

How many atoms are in 5.5 moles of carbon dioxide

Veronika [31]

Answer: I think the answer is, 3.312177825e+24 atoms

Explanation: I had a problem similar to this, Hope this helps!

4 0

3 years ago

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Calculate the atomic mass of nitrogen if the two common isotopes of nitrogen have masses

Goshia [24]

(99.63/100 x 14.003) + (0.37/100 x 15)

13.9511889 + 0.0555 = 14.0066889amu

13.95 + 0.0555 = 14.0055 (same thing just rounded numbers)

(You can round that to 14amu)

Answer is 14 amu

6 0

3 years ago

The limiting reactant in a reaction a. is the reactant for which there is the least amount in grams b. is the reactant which has

Shalnov [3]

Actually the correct answer must be:

The limiting reactant in the reaction is the one which has the lowest ratio of moles available over coefficient in the balanced equation

This is because the actual mass or number of moles of the reactant does not directly dictate if it is a limiting reactant, this must be relative to the other reactants.

So the answer is:

e. none of the above

5 0

3 years ago

What particle will balance the following nuclear equation?

Vlad [161]

Why has nobody answered this yet

8 0

3 years ago

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