Answer:

Explanation:
For a first order reaction the rate law is:
![v=\frac{-d[A]}{[A]}=k[A]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=v%3D%5Cfrac%7B-d%5BA%5D%7D%7B%5BA%5D%7D%3Dk%5BA%5D)
Integranting both sides of the equation we get:
![\int\limits^a_b {\frac{d[A]}{[A]}} \, dx =-k\int\limits^t_0 {} \, dt](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cint%5Climits%5Ea_b%20%7B%5Cfrac%7Bd%5BA%5D%7D%7B%5BA%5D%7D%7D%20%5C%2C%20dx%20%3D-k%5Cint%5Climits%5Et_0%20%7B%7D%20%5C%2C%20dt)
where "a" stands for [A] (molar concentration of a given reagent) and "b" is {A]0 (initial molar concentration of a given reagent), "t" is the time in seconds.
From that integral we get the integrated rate law:
![ln\frac{[A]}{[A]_{0} } =-kt](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=ln%5Cfrac%7B%5BA%5D%7D%7B%5BA%5D_%7B0%7D%20%7D%20%3D-kt)
![[A]=[A]_{0}e^{-kt}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BA%5D%3D%5BA%5D_%7B0%7De%5E%7B-kt%7D)
![ln[A]=ln[A]_{0} -kt](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=ln%5BA%5D%3Dln%5BA%5D_%7B0%7D%20-kt)
![k=\frac{ln[A]_{0}-ln[A]}{t}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=k%3D%5Cfrac%7Bln%5BA%5D_%7B0%7D-ln%5BA%5D%7D%7Bt%7D)
therefore k is

<u>Answer:</u> The magnitude rating for an earthquake causing an amplitude 10,000,000 times
is 7.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Richter scale is defined as the scale which expresses the magnitude of earthquake on the basis of the seismograph oscillations.
The equation used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake on Richter scale is:

where
I = amplitude registered on seismograph 100 km away from seismic center = 
= small amplitude
Putting values in above equation, we get:

Hence, the magnitude rating for an earthquake causing an amplitude 10,000,000 times
is 7.
hydrogen and oxygen atoms
Explanation:
this is because they are non metals and there will be sharing of electrons between the two atoms forming the bond