Answer:
D. Surface tension.
Explanation:
Surface tension is defined as the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a unit amount.
The surface tension of a liquid results from an imbalance of intermolecular attractive forces, the cohesive forces between molecules:
A molecule in a liquid experiences cohesive forces with other molecules in all directions while molecules at the surface of a liquid experiences only net inward cohesive forces.
Answer:
See Explanation ( = same answer for earlier question)
Explanation:
The Arrhenius acid-base theory defines an acid as a compound which when added into water increases the hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) concentration and the base as a compound which when added into water increases the hydroxide (OH⁻) ion concentration. As such, an acid-base reaction is limited to proton transfer to only OH⁻ ions forming water. Such would imply that all acid-base reactions produce water only in addition to a salt. This is not always the case as conjugate base anions for many substances can receive proton transfer.
Example: The reaction HOAc + NaCN => HCN + OAc- will occur in aqueous media because the proton (H⁺) on acetic acid (HOAc) will transfer to the cyanate ion forming hydrocyanic acid (HCN). Such occurs because the CN⁻ ion is a stronger conjugate base than the acetate ion (OAc⁻) and forms the more stable weak acid. Such is the basis of the Bronsted-Lowry Acid-Base system and states that an acid (proton donor) will transfer its ionizable hydrogen to a conjugate base (proton acceptor) if the transfer forms a weaker acid.
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