Surface miners work aboveground. (Apex) ^-^
The normal stress follows the formula written below:
σ = F/A
There are two types of stress, axial and tangential. Since we are only given with the dimension of the radius (and not the length), the possible stress is axial. So, the area is,
A = πr² = π(0.75 in)² = 1.767 in²
So,
σ = F/A = 500 lb/1.767 in² = <em>282.94 psi</em>
the determination of the age or date of organic matter from the relative proportions of the carbon isotopes carbon-12 and carbon-14 that it contains. The ratio between them changes as radioactive carbon-14 decays and is not replaced by exchange with the atmosphere.
I am not sure how you want me to answer this, but yes, gas can go from being a gas to a liquid when the right temp and pressure is applied.
1. After the collision, their velocities have switched. This is Newton's third law of motion.
2. The total momentum is conserved.
3. The same thing would happen if the collision is totally elastic.
For 4 and 5.
Using the conservation of momentum equation
m1v1 + m2v2 = m1'v1' + m2'v2'<span />
