Which statement(s) correctly compare the masses of protons, neutrons, and electrons? Check all that apply
2 answers:
__Protons and neutrons have similar mass.
__Electrons are smaller than a proton or a neutron.
Explanation:
The three particles involved in this problem are:
- Proton: it is positively charge, it is found in the nucleus of the atom, and its mass is
- Neutron: it has no electric charge, it is also found in the nucleus of the atom, and its mass is approximately equal to that of the proton (just slightly larger)
- Electron: it has negative electric charge, it orbit around the nucleus of the atom, and its mass is much smaller than that of the proton:
We can now analyze each of the given statement:
__Protons and neutrons have similar mass. --> TRUE
__Protons and electrons have similar mass. --> FALSE, the electron is much lighter
__Neutrons and electrons have similar mass. --> FALSE, the neutron is much heavier
__Protons are smaller than a neutron or an electron. --> FALSE, protons are similar to the neutrons
__Neutrons are smaller than a proton or an electron. --> FALSE, neutrons are similar to the protons
__Electrons are smaller than a proton or a neutron. --> TRUE
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Answer:
(a) Heat transfer to the environment is: 1 MJ and (b) The efficiency of the engine is: 41.5%
Explanation:
Using the formula that relate heat and work from the thermodynamic theory as: solving to Q_out we get:
this is the heat out of the cycle or engine, so it will be heat transfer to the environment. The thermal efficiency of a Carnot cycle gives us:
where T_Low is the lowest cycle temperature and T_High the highest, we need to remember that a Carnot cycle depends only on the absolute temperatures, if you remember the convertion of K=°C+273.15 so T_Low=150+273.15=423.15 K and T_High=450+273.15=723.15K and replacing the values in the equation we get: