Which statement(s) correctly compare the masses of protons, neutrons, and electrons? Check all that apply
2 answers:
__Protons and neutrons have similar mass.
__Electrons are smaller than a proton or a neutron.
Explanation:
The three particles involved in this problem are:
- Proton: it is positively charge, it is found in the nucleus of the atom, and its mass is
- Neutron: it has no electric charge, it is also found in the nucleus of the atom, and its mass is approximately equal to that of the proton (just slightly larger)
- Electron: it has negative electric charge, it orbit around the nucleus of the atom, and its mass is much smaller than that of the proton:
We can now analyze each of the given statement:
__Protons and neutrons have similar mass. --> TRUE
__Protons and electrons have similar mass. --> FALSE, the electron is much lighter
__Neutrons and electrons have similar mass. --> FALSE, the neutron is much heavier
__Protons are smaller than a neutron or an electron. --> FALSE, protons are similar to the neutrons
__Neutrons are smaller than a proton or an electron. --> FALSE, neutrons are similar to the protons
__Electrons are smaller than a proton or a neutron. --> TRUE
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Answer: 2. Solution A attains a higher temperature.
Explanation: Specific heat simply means, that amount of heat which is when supplied to a unit mass of a substance will raise its temperature by 1°C.
In the given situation we have equal masses of two solutions A & B, out of which A has lower specific heat which means that a unit mass of solution A requires lesser energy to raise its temperature by 1°C than the solution B.
Since, the masses of both the solutions are same and equal heat is supplied to both, the proportional condition will follow.
<em>We have a formula for such condition,</em>
.....................................(1)
where:
= temperature difference
- Q= heat energy
- m= mass of the body
- c= specific heat of the body
<u>Proving mathematically:</u>
<em>According to the given conditions</em>
- we have equal masses of two solutions A & B, i.e.
- equal heat is supplied to both the solutions, i.e.
- specific heat of solution A,
- specific heat of solution B,
&
are the change in temperatures of the respective solutions.
Now, putting the above values
Which proves that solution A attains a higher temperature than solution B.