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3 years ago

Part of the solar radiation entering the atmosphere about ___ actually reaches the earth's surface

Physics

1 answer:

Dmitry [639]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

48%

Explanation:

The earth's temperature has to be stable and this is the reason for the presence of incoming and outgoing heat. Of the solar energy reaching the atmosphere, about 29% is bounced back as reflected radiation by clouds, snow and particles in the atmosphere, about 23% is absorbed by the atmosphere and about 48% actually gets to the earth surface.

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ome metal oxides can be decomposed to the metal and oxygen under reasonable conditions. 2 Ag2O(s) → 4 Ag(s) + O2(g) Thermodynami

yuradex [85]

Answer : The values of $\Delta H^o,\Delta S^o\text{ and }\Delta G^o$ are $62.2kJ,132.67J/K\text{ and }22.66kJ$ respectively.

Explanation :

The given balanced chemical reaction is,

$2Ag_2O(s)\rightarrow 4Ag(s)+O_2(g)$

First we have to calculate the enthalpy of reaction $(\Delta H^o)$ .

$\Delta H^o=H_f_{product}-H_f_{product}$

$\Delta H^o=[n_{Ag}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(Ag)}+n_{O_2}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(O_2)}]-[n_{Ag_2O}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(Ag_2O)}]$

where,

$\Delta H^o$ = enthalpy of reaction = ?

n = number of moles

$\Delta H_f^0$ = standard enthalpy of formation

Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:

$\Delta H^o=[4mole\times (0kJ/mol)+1mole\times (0kJ/mol)}]-[2mole\times (-31.1kJ/mol)]$

$\Delta H^o=62.2kJ=62200J$

conversion used : (1 kJ = 1000 J)

Now we have to calculate the entropy of reaction $(\Delta S^o)$ .

$\Delta S^o=S_f_{product}-S_f_{product}$

$\Delta S^o=[n_{Ag}\times \Delta S_f^0_{(Ag)}+n_{O_2}\times \Delta S_f^0_{(O_2)}]-[n_{Ag_2O}\times \Delta S_f^0_{(Ag_2O)}]$

where,

$\Delta S^o$ = entropy of reaction = ?

n = number of moles

$\Delta S_f^0$ = standard entropy of formation

Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:

$\Delta S^o=[4mole\times (42.55J/K.mole)+1mole\times (205.07J/K.mole)}]-[2mole\times (121.3J/K.mole)]$

$\Delta S^o=132.67J/K$

Now we have to calculate the Gibbs free energy of reaction $(\Delta G^o)$ .

As we know that,

$\Delta G^o=\Delta H^o-T\Delta S^o$

At room temperature, the temperature is 298 K.

$\Delta G^o=(62200J)-(298K\times 132.67J/K)$

$\Delta G^o=22664.34J=22.66kJ$

Therefore, the values of $\Delta H^o,\Delta S^o\text{ and }\Delta G^o$ are $62.2kJ,132.67J/K\text{ and }22.66kJ$ respectively.

6 0

3 years ago

A charged paint is spread in a very thin uniform layer over the surface of a plastic sphere of diameter 13.0 cm , giving it a ch

Leokris [45]

a) Electric field inside the paint layer: zero

b) Electric field just outside the paint layer: $-3.62\cdot 10^7 N/C$

c) Electric field 8.00 cm outside the paint layer: $-7.27\cdot 10^7 N/C$

Explanation:

We can find the electric field inside the paint layer by applying Gauss Law: the total flux of the electric field through a gaussian surface is equal to the charge contained within the surface divided by the vacuum permittivity, mathematically:

$\int EdS = \frac{q}{\epsilon_0}$

where

E is the electric field

dS is the element of surface

q is the charge within the gaussian surface

$\epsilon_0 = 8.85\cdot 10^{-12}F/m$ is the vacuum permittivity

Here we want to find the electric field just inside the paint layer, so we take a sphere of radius $r$ as Gaussian surface, where

R = 6.5 cm = 0.065 m is the radius of the plastic sphere (half the diameter)

By taking the sphere of radius r, we note that the net charge inside this sphere is zero, therefore

$q=0$

So we have

$\int E dS=0$

which means that the electric field inside the paint layer is zero.

Now we want to find the electric field just outside the paint layer: therefore, we take a Gaussian sphere of radius

$r=R=0.065 m$

The area of the surface is

$A=4\pi R^2$

And since the electric field is perpendicular to the surface at any point, Gauss Law becomes

$E\cdot 4\pi R^2 = \frac{q}{\epsilon_0}$

The charge included within the sphere in this case is the charge on the paint layer, therefore

$q=-17.0\mu C=-17.0\cdot 10^{-6}C$

So, the electric field is:

$E=\frac{q}{4\pi \epsilon_0 R^2}=\frac{-17.0\cdot 10^{-6}}{4\pi(8.85\cdot 10^{-12})(0.065)^2}=-3.62\cdot 10^7 N/C$

where the negative sign means the direction of the field is inward, since the charge is negative.

Here we want to calculate the electric field 8.00 cm outside the surface of the paint layer.

Therefore, we have to take a Gaussian sphere of radius:

$r=8.00 cm + R = 8.00 + 6.50 = 14.5 cm = 0.145 m$

Gauss theorem this time becomes

$E\cdot 4\pi r^2 = \frac{q}{\epsilon_0}$

And the charge included within the sphere is again the charge on the paint layer,

$q=-17.0\mu C=-17.0\cdot 10^{-6}C$

Therefore, the electric field is

$E=\frac{q}{4\pi \epsilon_0 r^2}=\frac{-17.0\cdot 10^{-6}}{4\pi(8.85\cdot 10^{-12})(0.145)^2}=-7.27\cdot 10^7 N/C$

Learn more about electric field:

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3 years ago

What are some examples of aerobic exercise?

Firdavs [7]

Answer:

swimming, cycling, and jogging

Explanation:

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3 years ago

Which of these is NOT a chemical property of matter?

marshall27 [118]

C. Magnetism

It is a physical property, not a chemical property.

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3 years ago

Pangaea was not the first, nor will it be the last, super continent. In the process of continental drift, sometimes chunks of co

Karolina [17]

Answer:

Explanation:

there could be earthquakes or the tectonic plates under can make it fall apart, natural disasters

hope this helps!!

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3 years ago