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soldi70 [24.7K]
3 years ago
7

The oxygen atom is smaller than the sulfur atom because _____(1) the outer electrons of oxygen are more effectively screened fro

m the nuclear charge than are sulfur’s outer electrons. (2) the outer orbitals of oxygen are located closer to the nucleus than those of sulfur. (3) the oxygen atom is larger than the sulfur atom. (4) the outer electrons of oxygen are less effectively screened from the nuclear charge than are sulfur’s outer electrons. (5) the outer orbitals of oxygen are located farther away from the nucleus than those of sulfur.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Romashka [77]3 years ago
3 0

Answer: Option (2) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Atomic number of oxygen atom is 8 and its electronic distribution is 2, 6. So, it contains only 2 orbitals which are closer to the nucleus of the atom.

As a result, the valence electrons are pulled closer by the nucleus of oxygen atom due to which there occurs a decrease in atomic size of the atom.

Whereas atomic number of sulfur is 16 and its electronic distribution is 2, 8, 6. As there are more number of orbitals present in a sulfur atom so, the valence electrons are away from the nucleus of the atom.

Hence, there is less force of attraction between nucleus of sulfur atom and its valence electrons due to which size of sulfur atom is larger than the size of oxygen atom.

Thus, we can conclude that the oxygen atom is smaller than the sulfur atom because the outer orbitals of oxygen are located closer to the nucleus than those of sulfur.

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Answer:

Final concentration = 0.019 M

Explanation:

Initial Concentration [A]o = 0.27M

Rate constant, k = 0.75 s^-1

Final concentration [A] = ?

Time, t = 1.5s

The relationship between the variables is given by the equation;

ln[A] = ln[A]o - kt

ln[A] = ln(0.27) - (0.75)(1.5)

ln[A] = - 1.309 - 1.125

ln[A] = - 2.434

[A] = 0.019 M

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A harbour seal's flipper and a human hand have a very similar structure, but function differently. This is an example
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Homologous structure

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Homologous structures come from same ancestors but have different functions.

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What are the oxidation numbers for groups 1-18 (skip groups 3-12)
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For the following electron-transfer reaction:
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Answer:

1. The oxidation half-reaction is: Mn(s) ⇄ Mn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻

2. The reduction half-reaction is: Ag⁺(aq) + 1e⁻ ⇄ Ag(s)  

Explanation:

Main reaction: 2Ag⁺(aq) + Mn(s) ⇄ 2Ag(s) + Mn²⁺(aq)

In the oxidation half reaction, the oxidation number increases:

Mn changes from 0, in the ground state to Mn²⁺.

The reduction half reaction occurs where the element decrease the oxidation number, because it is gaining electrons.

Silver changes from Ag⁺ to Ag.

1. The oxidation half-reaction is: Mn(s) ⇄ Mn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻

2. The reduction half-reaction is: Ag⁺(aq) + 1e⁻ ⇄ Ag(s)  

To balance the hole reaction, we need to multiply by 2, the second half reaction:

Mn(s) ⇄ Mn²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻

(Ag⁺(aq) + 1e⁻ ⇄ Ag(s)) . 2

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