Answer: The classical complement pathway for complement activation is initiated by antigen-antibody complexes with the antibody isotypes IgG and IgM.
Explanation: The classical complement pathway typically requires antigen-antibody complexes (immune complexes) for activation (specific immune response), whereas the alternative pathway can be activated by C3 hydrolysis, foreign material, pathogens, or damaged cells.
After activation, a series of proteins are recruited to generate C3 convertase, which cleaves the C3 protein. The C3b component of the cleaved C3 binds to C3 convertase to generate C5 convertase, which cleaves the C5 protein. The cleaved products attract phagocytes to the site of infection and tags target cells for elimination by phagocytosis. In addition, the C5 convertase initiates the terminal phase of the complement system, leading to make appear the membrane attack complex. The membrane attack complex creates a pore on the target cell's membrane, inducing cell lysis and death.
Nuclear decay formula is N(t)=N₀*2^-(t/T), where N(t) is the amount of nuclear material in some moment t, N₀ is the original amount of nuclear material, t is time and T is the half life of the material, in this case carbon 14. In our case N(t)=12.5% of N₀ or N(t)=0.125*N₀, T=5730 years and we need to solve for t:
0.125*N₀=N₀*2^-(t/T), N₀ cancels out and we get:
0.125=2^-(t/T),
ln(0.125)=ln(2^-(t/T))
ln(0.125)=-(t/T)*ln(2), we divide by ln(2),
ln(0.125)/ln(2)=-t/T, multiply by T,
{ln(0.125)/ln(2)}*T=-t, divide by (-1) and plug in T=5730 years,
{ln(0.125)/[-ln(2)]}*5730=t
t=3*5730=17190 years.
The bone is t= 17190 years old.
Answer:
v = 27.456 m/s
Explanation:
The support pressure needed of the water in the straw can be calculated by the formula
Given that,
P = r*g*h
= 1000*9.8*0.05 Pa.= 490 Pa
This pressure is compensated by 0.5*r*v^2 of the air,
Hence,
0.5*1.3*v^2 = 490
velocity of air blown into the straw =
v = 27.456 m/s
The properties that change how we perceive light waves are the following:
The amplitude of the light wave changes the brightness of light relative to other light waves of the same wavelenghth.
The frequency of the light wave changes the color and the type of the light wave.
By the law of momentum conservation:-
=>m¹u¹ + m²u² = m1v1 + m²v² {let East is +ve}
=>u¹ + u² = v¹ + v² {as m1=m2}
=>3.5 - 2.75 = v1-1.5
<span>
=>v¹ = 2.25 m/s (East) </span>
