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BartSMP [9]
3 years ago
10

In subsea oil and natural gas production, hydrocarbon fluids may leave the reservoir with a temperature of 70°C and flow in subs

ea surrounding of S°C. As a result of the temperature difference between the reservoir and the subsea surrounding, the knowledge of heat transfer is critical to prevent gas hydrate and wax deposition blockages. Consider a subsea pipeline with inner diameter of O.S m and wall thickness of 8 mm is used for transporting liquid hydrocarbon at an average temperature of 70°C, and the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the inner pipeline surface is estimated to be 2SO W/m2.K. The subsea surrounding has a temperature of soc and the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the outer pipeline surface is estimated to be ISO W /m2 .K. If the pipeline is made of material with thermal conductivity of 60 W/m.K, by using the heat conduction equation (a) obtain the temperature variation in the pipeline wall, (b) determine the inner surface temperature of the pipeline wall, (c) obtain the mathematical expression for the rate of heat loss from the liquid hydrocarbon in the pipeline, and (d) determine the heat flux through the outer pipeline surface.
Engineering
1 answer:
NeTakaya3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

For detailed answer of "

In subsea oil and natural gas production, hydrocarbon fluids may leave the reservoir with a temperature of 70°C and flow in subsea surrounding of S°C. As a result of the temperature difference between the reservoir and the subsea surrounding, the knowledge of heat transfer is critical to prevent gas hydrate and wax deposition blockages. Consider a subsea pipeline with inner diameter of O.S m and wall thickness of 8 mm is used for transporting liquid hydrocarbon at an average temperature of 70°C, and the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the inner pipeline surface is estimated to be 2SO W/m2.K. The subsea surrounding has a temperature of soc and the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the outer pipeline surface is estimated to be ISO W /m2 .K. If the pipeline is made of material with thermal conductivity of 60 W/m.K, by using the heat conduction equation (a) obtain the temperature variation in the pipeline wall, (b) determine the inner surface temperature of the pipeline wall, (c) obtain the mathematical expression for the rate of heat loss from the liquid hydrocarbon in the pipeline, and (d) determine the heat flux through the outer pipeline surface."

see attachment.

Explanation:

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4.10.1: Simon says. "Simon Says" is a memory game where "Simon" outputs a sequence of 10 characters (R, G, B, Y) and the user mu
AleksandrR [38]

Answer:

for  i  in range(0,10):

   if SimonPattern[i] == UserPattern[i]:

       score = score + 1

       i = i + 1

   else:

       break

if i == 9:

   score = score + 1    

print("Total Score: {}".format(score))

Explanation:

This for loop was made using Python. Full code attached.

  • For loop requires a range of numbers to define the end points. For this Simon Says game, we are talking about 10 characters, so that must be the range for the for loop: from 0 to 10.
  • Conditional if  tests if Simon pattern matches User's one characheter by one and add point for each match.
  • Break statement is ready to escape the for loop at first mismatch.
  • As we are starting from index 0, if the users matched all the characters correctly, then we need to add 1, otherwise the maximun score would be 9 and it should be 10.
Download txt
5 0
3 years ago
Six forces act on a beam that forms part of a building's
IrinaVladis [17]

Answer:

<h2> FA = 13 kN </h2><h2>FG = 15.3 kN</h2>

Explanation:

write each force in terms of magnitude and directions  

Fx = F sin Ф

Fy = F cos Ф

where Ф is to be measured from x axis.

∑F at y = o

FAy + FBy + FCy + FDy + FEy + FGy = 0

∑F at x = o

FAx + FBx + FCx + FDx + FEx + FGx = 0

Let  

FA = FA sin (110)   +   FA cos (110)

FB = 20 sin (270)  +  20 cos (270)

FC = 16 sin (140)    +  16 cos (140)

FD = 9 sin (40)       +  9 cos (40)

FE = 20 sin (270)    +  20 cos (270)

FG = FG sin (50)     +  FG cos (50)

add x and y forces:

FAx + FBx + FCx + FDx + FEx + FGx = 0

FAy + FBy + FCy + FDy + FEy + FGy = 0

FA sin (110)  + 0  + 16 sin (140)  + 9 sin (40)  + 0   + FG sin (50) = 0

FA cos (110) - 20 + 16 cos (140) + 9 cos (40) - 20 + FG cos (50 = 0

FA sin (110)  + 0  + 10.285  + 5.785  + 0   + FG sin (50) = 0

FA cos (110) - 20 - 12.257 + 6.894 - 20 + FG cos (50) = 0

FA sin (110)  + 16.070 + FG sin (50) = 0        

FA cos (110) - 45.363 + FG cos (50) = 0

solving for FA, and FG

FA = 13 kN

FG = 15.3 kN

7 0
3 years ago
A completely reversible heat pump produces heat ata rate of 300 kW to warm a house maintained at 24°C. Theexterior air, which is
Triss [41]

Answer:

Change in entropy S = 0.061

Second law of thermodynamics is satisfied since there is an increase in entropy

Explanation:

Heat Q = 300 kW

T2 = 24°C = 297 K

T1 = 7°C = 280 K

Change in entropy =

S = Q(1/T1 - 1/T2)

= 300(1/280 - 1/297) = 0.061

There is a positive increase in entropy so the second law is satisfied.

6 0
3 years ago
1. A glass window of width W = 1 m and height H = 2 m is 5 mm thick and has a thermal conductivity of kg = 1.4 W/m*K. If the inn
emmasim [6.3K]

Answer:

1. \dot Q=19600\ W

2. \dot Q=120\ W

Explanation:

1.

Given:

  • height of the window pane, h=2\ m
  • width of the window pane, w=1\ m
  • thickness of the pane, t=5\ mm= 0.005\ m
  • thermal conductivity of the glass pane, k_g=1.4\ W.m^{-1}.K^{-1}
  • temperature of the inner surface, T_i=15^{\circ}C
  • temperature of the outer surface, T_o=-20^{\circ}C

<u>According to the Fourier's law the rate of heat transfer is given as:</u>

\dot Q=k_g.A.\frac{dT}{dx}

here:

A = area through which the heat transfer occurs = 2\times 1=2\ m^2

dT = temperature difference across the thickness of the surface = 35^{\circ}C

dx = t = thickness normal to the surface = 0.005\ m

\dot Q=1.4\times 2\times \frac{35}{0.005}

\dot Q=19600\ W

2.

  • air spacing between two glass panes, dx=0.01\ m
  • area of each glass pane, A=2\times 1=2\ m^2
  • thermal conductivity of air, k_a=0.024\ W.m^{-1}.K^{-1}
  • temperature difference between the surfaces, dT=25^{\circ}C

<u>Assuming layered transfer of heat through the air and the air between the glasses is always still:</u>

\dot Q=k_a.A.\frac{dT}{dx}

\dot Q=0.024\times 2\times \frac{25}{0.01}

\dot Q=120\ W

5 0
3 years ago
When your fixing a car, what is the first thing you want to do?
Shtirlitz [24]

Answer:

Changing oil.

Explanation:

You need to regularly check and change your car’s oil to ensure smooth running of the vehicle and to prolong the lifespan of its engine.

6 0
2 years ago
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