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BartSMP [9]
3 years ago
10

In subsea oil and natural gas production, hydrocarbon fluids may leave the reservoir with a temperature of 70°C and flow in subs

ea surrounding of S°C. As a result of the temperature difference between the reservoir and the subsea surrounding, the knowledge of heat transfer is critical to prevent gas hydrate and wax deposition blockages. Consider a subsea pipeline with inner diameter of O.S m and wall thickness of 8 mm is used for transporting liquid hydrocarbon at an average temperature of 70°C, and the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the inner pipeline surface is estimated to be 2SO W/m2.K. The subsea surrounding has a temperature of soc and the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the outer pipeline surface is estimated to be ISO W /m2 .K. If the pipeline is made of material with thermal conductivity of 60 W/m.K, by using the heat conduction equation (a) obtain the temperature variation in the pipeline wall, (b) determine the inner surface temperature of the pipeline wall, (c) obtain the mathematical expression for the rate of heat loss from the liquid hydrocarbon in the pipeline, and (d) determine the heat flux through the outer pipeline surface.
Engineering
1 answer:
NeTakaya3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

For detailed answer of "

In subsea oil and natural gas production, hydrocarbon fluids may leave the reservoir with a temperature of 70°C and flow in subsea surrounding of S°C. As a result of the temperature difference between the reservoir and the subsea surrounding, the knowledge of heat transfer is critical to prevent gas hydrate and wax deposition blockages. Consider a subsea pipeline with inner diameter of O.S m and wall thickness of 8 mm is used for transporting liquid hydrocarbon at an average temperature of 70°C, and the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the inner pipeline surface is estimated to be 2SO W/m2.K. The subsea surrounding has a temperature of soc and the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the outer pipeline surface is estimated to be ISO W /m2 .K. If the pipeline is made of material with thermal conductivity of 60 W/m.K, by using the heat conduction equation (a) obtain the temperature variation in the pipeline wall, (b) determine the inner surface temperature of the pipeline wall, (c) obtain the mathematical expression for the rate of heat loss from the liquid hydrocarbon in the pipeline, and (d) determine the heat flux through the outer pipeline surface."

see attachment.

Explanation:

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3 years ago
Write a method called letterCount that takes two String arguments, one containing some text and the other containing a single le
jenyasd209 [6]

Answer:

I am writing a Python program.  Here is the function letterCount. This function takes two string arguments text and letter and return count of all occurrences of a letter in the text.

def letterCount(text, letter):  

 count = 0  # to count occurrences of letter in the text string

 for char in text:  # loop moves through each character in the text

   if letter == char: # if given letter matches with the value in char

     count += 1  # keeps counting occurrence of a letter in text

 return count # returns how many times a letter occurred in text

   

Explanation:

In order to see if this function works you can check by calling this function and passing a text and a letter as following:

print(letterCount('apples are tasty','a'))

Output:

3

Now lets see how this function works using the above text and letter values.

text = apples are tasty

letter = a

So the function has to compute the occurrences of 'a' in the given text 'apples are tasty'.

The loop has a variable char that moves through each character given in the text (from a of apples to y of tasty) so it is used as an index variable.

char checks each character of the text string for the occurrence of letter a.

The if condition checks if the char is positioned at a character which matches the given letter i.e. a. If it is true e.g if char is at character a of apple so the if condition evaluates to true.

When the if condition evaluates to true this means one occurrence is found and this count variable counts this occurrence. So count increments every time the occurrence of letter a is found in apples are tasty text.

The loop breaks when every character in text is traversed and finally the count variable returns all of the occurrences of that letter (a) in the given text (apples are tasty). As a occurs 3 times in text so 3 is returned in output.

The screen shot of program along with output is attached.

4 0
3 years ago
1: A baseball is hit 4 feet above the ground leaves the bat with an initial speed of 98 ft/sec at an angle of 0 45 is caught by
zvonat [6]

Answer:

299.36 feet

Explanation:

To \ find  \   the  \ distance \  of  \ the  \ ball \  from  \ the \ home  \ plate.  \\ \\ From  \ the  \ given  \ information:

Height \ h = 4 \ ft

Initial \ speed \ V_o = 98 \ ft/s ec

The  \ angle \  \theta = 45^0

Acceleration \ due \ to \ gravity (g)= 32.2 \ ft/s

U_x = V_o \ cos 45 = \dfrac{98}{\sqrt{2}}

U_y = V_o \ sin 45 = \dfrac{98}{\sqrt{2}}

So;

S_y = u_y t - \dfrac{1}{2}gt^2

-1 =\dfrac{98}{\sqrt{2}}t - \dfrac{1}{2}*32*1.85t^2

By solving:

t_1 = 4.32 \ sec

Thus;

horizontal \ distance = U_x t

= \dfrac{98}{\sqrt{2}}\times 4.32

\mathbf{=299.36  \ feet}

\mathbf{Thus \ , the  \  distance \ from \  the  \ home  \ plate \  =  \ 299.36  \ feet}

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The largest class of errors in software engineering can be attributed to _______.
Ilya [14]

Answer:

improper imput validation

Explanation:

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what would my engine exhaust sound like if i made a custom muffler that was just smooth on the inside, would it have an echoing
Elena L [17]

Answer:

you know what sounds rlly nice? first have you seent he new corvettes? next u should here a nisan gtr. (like tanner foxes)

Explanation:

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