Answer:
Equilibrium constant expression for 
:
![\displaystyle K = \frac{\left(a_{\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}}\right)}{\left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)^2\, \left(a_{\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}}\right)} \approx \frac{[\mathrm{H_2CO_3}]}{\left[\mathrm{H^{+}\, (aq)}\right]^{2} \, \left[\mathrm{CO_3}^{2-}\right]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cdisplaystyle%20K%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7BH_2CO_3%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%7D%5Cright%29%7D%7B%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%7D%7D%5Cright%29%5E2%5C%2C%20%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7B%7BCO_3%7D%5E%7B2-%7D%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%7D%5Cright%29%7D%20%5Capprox%20%5Cfrac%7B%5B%5Cmathrm%7BH_2CO_3%7D%5D%7D%7B%5Cleft%5B%5Cmathrm%7BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%5Cright%5D%5E%7B2%7D%20%5C%2C%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cmathrm%7BCO_3%7D%5E%7B2-%7D%5Cright%5D%7D)
.
Where
, 
, and 
denote the activities of the three species, and ![[\mathrm{H_2CO_3}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B%5Cmathrm%7BH_2CO_3%7D%5D)
, ![\left[\mathrm{H^{+}}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cleft%5B%5Cmathrm%7BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%7D%5Cright%5D)
, and ![\left[\mathrm{CO_3}^{2-}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cleft%5B%5Cmathrm%7BCO_3%7D%5E%7B2-%7D%5Cright%5D)
denote the concentrations of the three species.
Explanation:
<h3>Equilibrium Constant Expression</h3>
The equilibrium constant expression of a (reversible) reaction takes the form a fraction.
Multiply the activity of each product of this reaction to get the numerator.
is the only product of this reaction. Besides, its coefficient in the balanced reaction is one. Therefore, the numerator would simply be 
.
Similarly, multiply the activity of each reactant of this reaction to obtain the denominator. Note the coefficient "
" on the product side of this reaction. 
is equivalent to 
. The species 
appeared twice among the reactants. Therefore, its activity should also appear twice in the denominator:
.
That's where the exponent "" in this equilibrium constant expression came from.
Combine these two parts to obtain the equilibrium constant expression:
![\displaystyle K = \frac{\left(a_{\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}}\right)}{\left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)^2\, \left(a_{\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}}\right)} \quad\begin{matrix}\leftarrow \text{from products} \\[0.5em] \leftarrow \text{from reactants}\end{matrix}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cdisplaystyle%20K%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7BH_2CO_3%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%7D%5Cright%29%7D%7B%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%7D%7D%5Cright%29%5E2%5C%2C%20%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7B%7BCO_3%7D%5E%7B2-%7D%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%7D%5Cright%29%7D%20%5Cquad%5Cbegin%7Bmatrix%7D%5Cleftarrow%20%5Ctext%7Bfrom%20products%7D%20%5C%5C%5B0.5em%5D%20%5Cleftarrow%20%5Ctext%7Bfrom%20reactants%7D%5Cend%7Bmatrix%7D)
.
<h3 /><h3>Equilibrium Constant of Concentration</h3>
In dilute solutions, the equilibrium constant expression can be approximated with the concentrations of the aqueous "
" species. Note that all the three species here are indeed aqueous. Hence, this equilibrium constant expression can be approximated as:
![\displaystyle K = \frac{\left(a_{\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}}\right)}{\left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)^2\, \left(a_{\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}}\right)} \approx \frac{\left[\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}\right]}{\left[\mathrm{H^{+}\, (aq)}\right]^2\cdot \left[\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}\right]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cdisplaystyle%20K%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7BH_2CO_3%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%7D%5Cright%29%7D%7B%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%7D%7D%5Cright%29%5E2%5C%2C%20%5Cleft%28a_%7B%5Cmathrm%7B%7BCO_3%7D%5E%7B2-%7D%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%7D%5Cright%29%7D%20%5Capprox%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%5B%5Cmathrm%7BH_2CO_3%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%5Cright%5D%7D%7B%5Cleft%5B%5Cmathrm%7BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%5Cright%5D%5E2%5Ccdot%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cmathrm%7B%7BCO_3%7D%5E%7B2-%7D%5C%2C%20%28aq%29%7D%5Cright%5D%7D)
.
Answer is: glycerol because it is more viscous and has a larger molar mass.
Viscosity depends on intermolecular interactions.
The predominant intermolecular force in water and glycerol is hydrogen bonding.
Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups in which one group has hydrogen atom (H) and another group has highly electronegative atom such as nitrogen (like in this molecule), oxygen (O) or fluorine (F).
Element Symbol Atomic Mass
Barium Ba 137.327
Hydrogen H 1.00794
Oxygen O 15.9994
Hope this helps, good luck
False, they respire all the time including nighttime
