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antiseptic1488 [7]
3 years ago
12

Which has the greater concentration of hydrogen ions, a substance with a pH of 5 or a substance with a pH of 4?

Chemistry
1 answer:
evablogger [386]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

pH 4

Explanation:

Firstly, we define pH as the negative logarithm to base 10 of the concentration of hydrogen ions.

Mathematically, we express this as:

pH = -log[H+]

Now let’s us calculate the concentration of hydrogen in each of the pH

For pH 4, we have:

4 = -log[H+]

[H+] = -Antilog(4)

[H+] = 0.0001M

For pH 5,

[H+] = -Antilog(5)

[H+] = 0.00001M

We can see that 0.0001 is greater than 0.00001 and thus it has a greater concentration of hydrogen ions

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The chemical equation representing the first ionization energy for lithium is given by;

Li → Li + e-

<h2>Further Explanation; </h2><h3>Ionization energy</h3>
  • Ionization energy is the energy required to remove outermost electrons from the outermost energy level. Energy is required to remove an electron from an atom.
  • The closer an electron is to the nucleus the more energy is required, since the electron is more tightly bound to the atom thus making it more difficult to remove, hence higher ionization energy.
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<h3>First ionization energy  </h3>
  • This is the energy required to remove the first electron from the outermost energy level of an atom.
  • Energy needed to remove the second electron to form a divalent cation is called the second ionization energy.
<h3>Trends in ionization energy  </h3><h3>1. Down the group(top to bottom)</h3>
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  • It is because as you move down the group the number of energy levels increases making the outermost electrons get further from the nucleus reducing the strength of attraction to the nucleus.
  • This means less energy will be required compared to an atoms of elements at the top of the groups.
<h3>2. Across the period  (left to right)</h3>
  • Ionization energy increases across the period from left to right.
  • This can be explained by an increase in nuclear energy as extra protons are added to the nucleus across the period increasing the strength of attraction of electrons to the nucleus.
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Keywords: Ionization energy, periodic table, energy levels, electrons

<h3>Learn more about</h3>
  • Ionization energy: brainly.com/question/1971327
  • Trend in ionization energy: brainly.com/question/1971327
  • First ionization energy: brainly.com/question/1971327

Level: High school  

Subject: Chemistry  

Topic: Periodic table and chemical families  

Sub-topic: Ionization energy

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