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3 years ago

What is the temperature dependency of the electrical conductivity for metals and semiconductors??

Engineering

1 answer:

geniusboy [140]3 years ago

3 0

Answer and Explanation:

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCY ON ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF METALS : Metals are good conductors of electricity but when we increase the temperature the free electrons of metals collide with each other due to heat.There collision become very fast and so the resistance increases and so the electrical conductivity of metals decreases on increasing temperature.

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCY ON ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF SEMICONDUCTOR : The electrical conductivity of semiconductor is mainly sue to presence of impurities and defects as the temperature increases the impurities and defects also increases so the electrical conductivity of semiconductor increases on increasing temperature.

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Can someone help me with this maze shown below.

Gnoma [55]

We can’t see the maze

3 0

2 years ago

Determine the hydraulic radius for the following rectangular open channel width =23m water depth =3m

Romashka-Z-Leto [24]

Answer:

2.379m

Explanation:

The width = 23m

The depth = 3m

The radius is denoted as R

The wetted area is = A

The perimeter perimeter = P

Hydraulic radius

R = A/P

The area of a rectangular channel

= Width multiplied by Depth

A = 23x3

A = 69m²

Perimeter = (2x3)+23

P = 6+23

P= 29

Hydraulic radius R = 69/29

= 2.379m

This answers the question

Thank you!

8 0

2 years ago

What is Elon Musk mad about?

boyakko [2]

Answer:

Tesla CEO Elon Musk tweeted that the company's stock was too high, and it immediately dropped in value. The tweet may have violated a deal Musk made with the SEC about his tweets and Tesla. Musk also tweeted patriotic lyrics, said his girlfriend Grimes is mad at him, and noted that their child is due on Monday

6 0

3 years ago

Design a 7.5-V zener regulator circuit using a 7.5-V zener specified at 10mA. The zener has an incremental resistance of rZ = 30

hram777 [196]

Answer:

The answer is given in the explanation.

Explanation:

The circuit is as indicated in the attached figure.

From the analytical description the zener voltage is given as

$V_z=V_z_o+I_zr_z$

Here

Vzo is the voltage at which the slope of 1/rz intersects the voltage axis it is equal to knee voltage.

The equivalent model is shown in the attached figure.

From the above equation, Vzo is calculated as

$V_z_o=V_z-I_zr_z$

Here Vz is given as 7.5 V

Iz is given as 10 mA

rz is given as 30 Ω

Thus the Vzo is given as

$V_z_o=V_z-I_zr_z\\V_z_o=7.4-30*10*10^{-3}\\V_z_o=7.5-0.3\\V_z_o=7.2 V$

The value of I_L is given as 5 mA

Now the expression of current is as

$I=I_z+I_L\\I=10mA+5mA\\I=15 mA$

Now the resistance is calculated as

$R=\dfrac{V-Vo}{I}\\R=\dfrac{10-7.2}{15*10^{-3}}\\R=186.66$

So the value of resistance is 186.66 Ω.

Considering the supply voltage is increased by 10%

V is 10-10%*10=10+1=11 so the

$R=\dfrac{V-Vo}{I}\\186.66=\dfrac{11-V_o}{15*10^{-3}}\\V_o=8.2 V$

Considering the supply voltage is decreased by 10%

V is 10-10%*10=10-1=9 so the

$R=\dfrac{V-Vo}{I}\\186.66=\dfrac{9-V_o}{15*10^{-3}}\\V_o=6.2 V$

Now if the supply voltage is 10% high and the value of Load is removed i.e I=Iz only which is 10mA

$R=\dfrac{V-Vo}{I'}\\186.66=\dfrac{11-V_o}{10*10^{-3}}\\V_o=9.13 V$

Now the largest load current thus that the supply voltage is 10% low and the current of zener is knee current thus

$V_z_o=V_z-I_zr_z\\V_z_o=7.5-30*0.5*10^{-3}\\V_z_o=7.5-0.015\\V_z_o=7.485 V$

$R=\dfrac{V-Vo}{I'}\\186.66=\dfrac{9-7.485}{I}\\I=10.71 mA$

The load voltage is 7.485 V

8 0

2 years ago

Assuming the transition to turbulence for flow over a flat plate happens at a Reynolds number of 5x105, determine the following

torisob [31]

Given:

Assuming the transition to turbulence for flow over a flat plate happens at a Reynolds number of 5x105, determine the following for air at 300 K and engine oil at 380 K. Assume the free stream velocity is 3 m/s.

To Find:

a. The distance from the leading edge at which the transition will occur.

b. Expressions for the momentum and thermal boundary layer thicknesses as a function of x for a laminar boundary layer

c. Which fluid has a higher heat transfer

Calculation:

The transition from the lamina to turbulent begins when the critical Reynolds

number reaches $5\times 10^5$

$(a). \;\text{Rex}_{cr}=5 \times 10^5\\\\\frac{\rho\;vx}{\mu}=5 \times 10^5\\\text{density of of air at}\;300K=1.16 \frac{kg}{m\cdot s}\\\text{viscosity of of air at}\;300K=1.846 \times 10^{-5} \frac{kg}{m\cdot s} \\v=3m/s\\\Rightarrow x=\frac{5\times 10^5 \times 1.846 \times 10^{-5} }{1.16 \times 3} =2.652 \;m \;\text{for air}\\(\text{similarly for engine oil at 380 K for given}\; \rho \;\text{and} \;\mu)\\$

$(b).\; \text{For the lamina boundary layer momentum boundary layer thickness is given by}:\\\frac{\delta}{x} =\frac{5}{\sqrt{R_e}}\;\;\;\;\quad\text{for}\; R_e$ $(c). \frac{\delta}{\delta_t}={P_r}^{\frac{r}{3}}\\\text{For air} \;P_r \;\text{equivalent 1 hence both momentum and heat dissipate with the same rate for oil}\; \\P_r >>1 \text{heat diffuse very slowly}\\\text{So heat transfer rate will be high for air.}\\\text{Convective heat transfer coefficient will be high for engine oil.}$

7 0

2 years ago