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Deffense [45]
3 years ago
9

regrine falcons frequently grab prey birds from the air. Sometimes they strike at high enough speeds that the force of the impac

t disables prey birds. A 480 g peregrine falcon high in the sky spies a 240 g pigeon some distance below. The falcon slows to a near stop, then goes into a dive--called a stoop--and picks up speed as she falls. The falcon reaches a vertical speed of 45 m/s before striking the pigeon, which we can assume is stationary. The falcon strikes the pigeon and grabs it in her talons. The collision between the birds lasts 0.015 s.
Physics
1 answer:
solmaris [256]3 years ago
7 0

Answers:

a) 30 m/s

b) 480 N

Explanation:

The rest of the question is written below:

a. What is the final speed of the falcon and pigeon?

b. What is the average force on the pigeon during the impact?

<h3>a) Final speed</h3>

This part can be solved by the Conservation of linear momentum principle, which establishes the initial momentum p_{i} before the collision must be equal to the final momentum p_{f} after the collision:

p_{i}=p_{f} (1)

Being:

p_{i}=MV_{i}+mU_{i}

p_{f}=(M+m) V

Where:

M=480 g \frac{1 kg}{1000 g}=0.48 kg the mas of the peregrine falcon

V_{i}=45 m/s the initial speed of the falcon

m=240 g \frac{1 kg}{1000 g}=0.24 kg is the mass of the pigeon

U_{i}=0 m/s the initial speed of the pigeon (at rest)

V the final speed of the system falcon-pigeon

Then:

MV_{i}+mU_{i}=(M+m) V (2)

Finding V:

V=\frac{MV_{i}}{M+m} (3)

V=\frac{(0.48 kg)(45 m/s)}{0.48 kg+0.24 kg} (4)

V=30 m/s (5) This is the final speed

<h3>b) Force on the pigeon</h3>

In this part we will use the following equation:

F=\frac{\Delta p}{\Delta t} (6)

Where:

F is the force exerted on the pigeon

\Delta t=0.015 s is the time

\Delta p is the pigeon's change in momentum

Then:

\Delta p=p_{f}-p_{i}=mV-mU_{i} (7)

\Delta p=mV (8) Since U_{i}=0

Substituting (8) in (6):

F=\frac{mV}{\Delta t} (9)

F=\frac{(0.24 kg)(30 m/s)}{0.015 s} (10)

Finally:

F=480 N

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