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3 years ago

Identify and define the four major forms of matter, explain how melting, freezing, boiling,

1 answer:

3 0

There are four forms of matter: Solid, Liquid, gas and Plasma and matter undergoes various state changes termed as melting, freezing, boiling, evaporation, condensation, sublimation and deposition.

Explanation:

Solids

A matter that have a definite shape because of its closely packed molecular structure; are known as Solids. It can be identified as they have a definite shape and cannot flow or float without external forces are applied.

Liquids

These have a an internal molecular structure with comparatively more spaces with one another. Liquids have a property to flow and change shape according to the container it is taken.

Gases

The internal molecular structure of gases has the widest range of space among one another and thus they have a floating property because of least density.

Plasma

A complete ionized gas which has equal amount of positively and negatively charged ions. The best example of plasma is a plasma-ball.

Phase transformation among the four forms of matter

Melting

A matter changing from a solid phase to liquid phase is known as melting. Ex: Ice into water

Freezing

A matter changing from liquid to solid is known as freezing.

Boiling

When the liquid is heated to its boiling point, this gets transformed into the state of gas where liquid's pressure equals to the external pressure.

Evaporation

Once the liquid reached the temperature range above the boiling point ad starts converting into vapours or gaseous state.

Condensation

When the gases changes from the gaseous phase to liquid phase, this is called condensation.

Sublimation

The change of solid into gas is called as sublimation.

Deposition

Deposition refers the thermodynamic process where phase transition takes place as the gas solidifies without passing through the liquid phase. An example: the process of converting water vapour from frozen air directly into ice without initially becoming a liquid.

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A 97 kg man lying on a surface of negligible friction shoves a 62 g stone away from himself, giving it a speed of 2.6 m/s. What

tangare [24]

Answer:

man will move in opposite direction with speed

$v_1 = 1.66 \times 10^{-3} m/s$

Explanation:

As we know that man is lying on the friction-less surface

so here net force along the surface is zero

so if we take man + stone as a system then net change in momentum of this system will become zero

so here we have

$P_i = P_f$

$0 = m_1v_1 + m_2v_2$

here we have

$0 = (97)v_1 + 0.062(2.6)$

$v_1 = -\frac{0.1612}{97}$

$v_1 = -1.66 \times 10^{-3} m/s$

3 0

2 years ago

A photon of wavelength 2.78 pm scatters at an angle of 147° from an initially stationary, unbound electron. What is the de Brogl

Elena-2011 [213]

Answer:

2.07 pm

Explanation:

The problem given here is the very well known Compton effect which is expressed as

$\lambda^{'}-\lambda=\frac{h}{m_e c}(1-cos\theta)$

here, $\lambda$ is the initial photon wavelength, $\lambda^{'}$ is the scattered photon wavelength, h is he Planck's constant, $m_e$ is the free electron mass, c is the velocity of light, $\theta$ is the angle of scattering.

Given that, the scattering angle is, $\theta=147^{\circ}$

Putting the respective values, we get

$\lambda^{'}-\lambda=\frac{6.626\times 10^{-34} }{9.11\times 10^{-31}\times 3\times 10^{8} } (1-cos147^\circ ) m\\\lambda^{'}-\lambda=2.42\times 10^{-12} (1-cos147^\circ ) m.\\\lambda^{'}-\lambda=2.42(1-cos147^\circ ) p.m.\\\lambda^{'}-\lambda=4.45 p.m.$

Here, the photon's incident wavelength is $\lamda=2.78pm$

Therefore,

$\lambda^{'}=2.78+4.45=7.23 pm$

From the conservation of momentum,

$\vec{P_\lambda}=\vec{P_{\lambda^{'}}}+\vec{P_e}$

where, $\vec{P_\lambda}$ is the initial photon momentum, $\vec{P_{\lambda^{'}}}$ is the final photon momentum and $\vec{P_e}$ is the scattered electron momentum.

Expanding the vector sum, we get

$P^2_{e}=P^2_{\lambda}+P^2_{\lambda^{'}}-2P_\lambda P_{\lambda^{'}}cos\theta$

Now expressing the momentum in terms of De-Broglie wavelength

$P=h/\lambda,$

and putting it in the above equation we get,

$\lambda_{e}=\frac{\lambda \lambda^{'}}{\sqrt{\lambda^{2}+\lambda^{2}_{'}-2\lambda \lambda^{'} cos\theta}}$

Therefore,

$\lambda_{e}=\frac{2.78\times 7.23}{\sqrt{2.78^{2}+7.23^{2}-2\times 2.78\times 7.23\times cos147^\circ }} pm\\\lambda_{e}=\frac{20.0994}{9.68} = 2.07 pm$

This is the de Broglie wavelength of the electron after scattering.

6 0

3 years ago

A basketball star covers 3.05 m horizontally in a jump to dunk the ball (see figure). His motion through space can be modeled pr

rosijanka [135]

anonymous 4 years agoAny time you are mixing distance and acceleration a good equation to use is ΔY=Viyt+1/2at2 I would split this into two segments - the rise and the fall. For the fall, Vi = 0 since the player is at the peak of his arc and delta-Y is from 1.95 to 0.890. For the upward part of the motion the initial velocity is unknown and the final velocity is zero, but motion is symetrical - it takes the same amount of time to go up as it does to go down. Physiscists often use the trick "I'm going to solve a different problem, that I know will give me the same answer as the one I was actually asked.) So for the first half you could also use Vi = 0 and a downward delta-Y to solve for the time. Add the two times together for the total. The alternative is to calculate the initial and final velocity so that you have more information to work with.

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Calculate the AMA of an access ramp if it takes 255 N of force to push a person in a wheelchair having a combined weight of 764

Andreyy89

Actual Mechanical Advantage(AMA) = Weight / Force
Here, Weight = 764 N
Force = 255 N

Substitute the values in to the expression,
AMA = 764 / 255
AMA = 2.99

After rounding-off to the nearest tenth value, it would be 3

Finally, option C would be your answer.

Hope this helps!

7 0

3 years ago

A sample of gold has a mass of 30.94 grams and density of 19.32g/cm^3. What volume of space will this sample of gold occupy?

sdas [7]

Data:
mass, m = 30.94 g
density, d = 19.32 g/cm^3

Formula: d = m / v => v = m / d = 30.94 g / 19.32 g/cm^3 = 1.60 cm^3

Then, the answer is the option C.

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers