A strong acid ionizes completely in aqueous solution just like Hclo4
HClO4(l) + H2O(l) ------>H3O+(aq) + ClO4-(aq)
but a weak doesn't ionize completely in water
HClO2 + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + ClO2-
Bohr's model of the atom states that electrons orbit an atom's nucleus in electron shells of increasing energy. The electrons are free of physical contact with the nucleus, but are held in orbit due to the electrons' attraction to the oppositely charged protons in the nucleus.
Thomson's model, or the plum pudding model, it describes atoms as spheres of positively charged matter, in which electrons are embedded in.
The key difference is the locations of, and the motions of the electrons.
The amine here is the easiest to spot since there’s only one structure that has a nitrogen atom, which would be the first (the first structure is a primary amine).
The distinguishing functional group of an alcohol is the hydroxy group (—OH). Both the second and third structures have an —OH group, but the —OH in the third structure is part of a carboxyl group (—COOH or —C(=O)OH). A carboxyl group takes priority over hydroxy group. Thus, the second structure would be an alcohol and the third structure would be a carboxylic acid.
That leaves us with the fourth structure, a hydrocarbon with a halogen substitutent, or, aptly named, a halocarbon.
