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KATRIN_1 [288]
3 years ago
5

A charge of +2.00 μC is at the origin and a charge of –3.00 μC is on the y axis at y = 40.0 cm . (a) What is the potential at po

int a, which is on the x axis at x = 40.0 cm ? (b) What is the potential difference V b − V a when point b is at (40.0 cm, 30.0 cm)? (c) How much work is required to move an electron at rest from point a to rest at point b?
Engineering
1 answer:
Nimfa-mama [501]3 years ago
4 0

a) Potential in A: -2700 V

b) Potential difference: -26,800 V

c) Work: 4.3\cdot 10^{-15} J

Explanation:

a)

The electric potential at a distance r from a single-point charge is given by:

V(r)=\frac{kq}{r}

where

k=8.99\cdot 10^9 Nm^{-2}C^{-2} is the Coulomb's constant

q is the charge

r is the distance from the charge

In this problem, we have a system of two charges, so the total potential at a certain point will be given by the algebraic sum of the two potentials.

Charge 1 is

q_1=+2.00\mu C=+2.00\cdot 10^{-6}C

and is located at the origin (x=0, y=0)

Charge 2 is

q_2=-3.00 \mu C=-3.00\cdot 10^{-6}C

and is located at (x=0, y = 0.40 m)

Point A is located at (x = 0.40 m, y = 0)

The distance of point A from charge 1 is

r_{1A}=0.40 m

So the potential due to charge 2 is

V_1=\frac{(8.99\cdot 10^9)(+2.00\cdot 10^{-6})}{0.40}=+4.50\cdot 10^4 V

The distance of point A from charge 2 is

r_{2A}=\sqrt{0.40^2+0.40^2}=0.566 m

So the potential due to charge 1 is

V_2=\frac{(8.99\cdot 10^9)(-3.00\cdot 10^{-6})}{0.566}=-4.77\cdot 10^4 V

Therefore, the net potential at point A is

V_A=V_1+V_2=+4.50\cdot 10^4 - 4.77\cdot 10^4=-2700 V

b)

Here we have to calculate the net potential at point B, located at

(x = 0.40 m, y = 0.30 m)

The distance of charge 1 from point B is

r_{1B}=\sqrt{(0.40)^2+(0.30)^2}=0.50 m

So the potential due to charge 1 at point B is

V_1=\frac{(8.99\cdot 10^9)(+2.00\cdot 10^{-6})}{0.50}=+3.60\cdot 10^4 V

The distance of charge 2 from point B is

r_{2B}=\sqrt{(0.40)^2+(0.40-0.30)^2}=0.412 m

So the potential due to charge 2 at point B is

V_2=\frac{(8.99\cdot 10^9)(-3.00\cdot 10^{-6})}{0.412}=-6.55\cdot 10^4 V

Therefore, the net potential at point B is

V_B=V_1+V_2=+3.60\cdot 10^4 -6.55\cdot 10^4 = -29,500 V

So the potential difference is

V_B-V_A=-29,500 V-(-2700 V)=-26,800 V

c)

The work required to move a charged particle across a potential difference is equal to its change of electric potential energy, and it is given by

W=q\Delta V

where

q is the charge of the particle

\Delta V is the potential difference

In this problem, we have:

q=-1.6\cdot 10^{-19}C is the charge of the electron

\Delta V=-26,800 V is the potential difference

Therefore, the work required on the electron is

W=(-1.6\cdot 10^{-19})(-26,800)=4.3\cdot 10^{-15} J

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how is friction losses in pipes reduced? a. decrease the pipe diameter b. increase the length of the pipes. c. decrease the leng
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Friction losses in pipes can be reduced by decreasing the length of the pipes, reducing the surface roughness of the pipes, and increasing the pipe diameter. Thus, options (c),(e), and (f) hold correct answers.

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Friction loss in pipes can decrease the efficiency of the functions of pipes. These are a few ways by which friction loss in pipes can be reduced and the efficiency of the piping system can be boosted:

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