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Furkat [3]
3 years ago
5

A person pulls a bucket of water up from a well with a rope. Assume the initial and final speeds of the bucket are zero (Vi-Vf-0

), and that the person lifted the bucket a vertical distance h. By looking at energy changes in the bucket-Earth physical system, we can make sense of the force the person must exert to pull the bucket up and the amount of work the person does. a) Think about whether this is an open or closed system. What energy systems undergo a change in energy during the process? Construct a particular Energy-System Diagram for this process and include the algebraic expression of energy conservation (in terms of AE's and if open, any Heat or Work). b) Substitute the algebraic expression we use for the change in gravitational potential energy and solve algebraically for the work done by the person on the rope/bucket. c) Use the definition of work in terms of force and distance (see p.39-40 of Chapter 2 in the Course Notes) to find the average force exerted by the person on the rope and bucket while they are lifting it up.

Physics
1 answer:
n200080 [17]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

a

This a closed system because the mass of the system is conserved

The energy system that undergoes change is the Potential energy system

The energy system diagram is shown on the first uploaded image

b

Work done = Change in gravitational potential energy

So solving algebraically for work done would be

    Work done   = m*g*h

where m is mass

          g is acceleration due to gravity

          and h is the height

c

Work done in terms of force and distance is = mg

where  m is mass of bucket and

            g is acceleration due to gravity  

Explanation:

a) At the start, potential and kinetic energy were zero. so, energy is zero.

As the person pulls the bucket up, the potential energy becomes mgh.

so,final energy will be consisting of only potential energy.

B) Here work done is equal to change in gravitational potential energy.

W = \Delta P.E

W = m*g*h

where g = 9.9 m/s^2

C) Work = force * distance

mgh = force * h

force = mg

force = weight of bucket

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To visit your favorite ice cream shop, you must travel 490 m west on Main Street and then 920 m south on Division Street. Suppos
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a) The magnitude of your average velocity during the 121 s is 8.61 m/s.

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Hi there!

a) The average velocity (a.v) is calculated as the displacement divided by the time it took to do such a displacement.

The displacement is calculated as the distance between the initial position and the final position:

Displacement = Δ(x,y) = final position - initial position

Let's consider that your initial position is the origin of our frame of reference and let's also consider that west and south are positive directions (+x and +y respectively). Then the displacement vector will be:

Δ(x,y) = final positon - initial position

Δ(x,y) = (490, 920) m - (0, 0) m = (490, 920) m

The average velocity will be:

a.v = Δ(x,y) / t

a.v = (490, 920) m / 121 s

a.v = (4.05, 7.60) m/s

The magnitude of the average velocity is calculated as follows:

 

The magnitude of your average velocity during the 121 s is 8.61 m/s.

b) To find the direction of the average velocity, we have to use trigonometric rules of right triangles. Notice that the x and y-components of the average velocity (vx and vy) together with the average velocity vector (v), with magnitude 8.61 m/s, form a triangle (see figure).

Also, notice that v is the hypotenuse of the triangle and that vx is the side adjacent to the angle θ while vy is the side opposite to θ.

Using trigonometry, we can calculate the value of the angle θ:

cos θ = adjacent side / hypotenuse

cos θ = vx / v

cos θ = 4.05 m/s / 8.61 m/s

θ = 61.9°

The direction of the average velocity is 61.9° south of west.

c) The average speed (a.s) is calculated as the traveled distance (d) divided by the time it took to cover that distance (t). In total, you traveled (490 m + 920 m) 1410 m in 121 s, then the average speed will be:

a.s = d/t

a.s = 1410 m / 121 s

a.s = 11.7 m/s

Your average speed during the trip is 11.7 m/s

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