Answer:
1.21 g of Tris
Explanation:
Our solution if made of a solute named Tris
Molecular weight of Tris is 121 g/mol
[Tris] = 100 mM
This is the concentration of solution:
(100 mmoles of Tris in 1 mL of solution) . 1000
Notice that mM = M . 1000 We convert from mM to M
100 mM . 1 M / 1000 mM = 0.1 M
M = molarity (moles of solute in 1 L of solution, or mmoles of solute in 1 mL of solution). Let's determine the mmoles of Tris
0.1 M = mmoles of Tris / 100 mL
mmoles of Tris = 100 mL . 0.1 M → 10 mmoles
We convert mmoles to moles → 10 mmol . 1mol / 1000mmoles = 0.010 mol
And now we determine the mass of solute, by molecular weight
0.010 mol . 121 g /mol = 1.21 g
The balanced reaction is
Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
Here this reaction can be compared with
A + BC ---> AB + C
So here one reactant (A) is accepting a group which is being given by another compound (BC) however the A is not giving any group / element or ion
So this single displacement
Similarly in the given reaction
the anion OH- is only being replaced
The element Ca accepts OH- and H2O loses the same group to form new element H2
So the correct answer is
Single replacement also known as single displacement
Answer:
Estoy triste, tuve que regalar a mi perro
Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid with a structure of HCOOH and has a pka of 3.75. The pka refers to the acidity of the molecule, which in this example refers to the molecules ability to give up the proton of the O-H. A decrease in the pka value corresponds to an increase in acidity, or an increase in the ability to give up a proton. When an acid gives up a proton, the remaining anionic species (in this case HCOO-) is called the conjugate base, and an increase in the stability of the conjugate base corresponds to an increase in acidity.
The pka of a carboxylic can be affected greatly by the presence of various functional groups within its structure. An example of an inductive effect changing the pka can be shown with trichloroacetic acid, Cl3CCOOH. This molecule has a pka of 0.7. The decrease in pka relative to formic acid is due to the presence of the Cl3C- group, and more specifically the presence of the chlorine atoms. The electronegative chlorine atoms are able to withdraw the electron density away from the oxygen atoms and towards themselves, thus helping to stabilize the negative charge and stabilize the conjugate base. This results in an increase in acidity and decrease in pka.
The same Cl3CCOOH example can be used to explain how dipoles can effect the acidity of carboxylic acids. Compared to standard acetic acid, H3CCOOH with a pka of 4.76, trichloroacetic acid is much more acidic. The difference between these structures is the presence of C-Cl bonds in place of C-H bonds. A C-Cl bond is much more polar than a C-H bond, due the large electronegativity of the chlorine atom. This results in a carbon with a partial positive charge and a chlorine with a partial negative charge. In the conjugate base of the acid, where the molecule has a negative charge localized on the oxygen atoms, the dipole moment of the C-Cl bond is oriented such that the partial positive charge is on the carbon that is adjacent to the oxygen atoms containing the negative charge. Therefore, the electrostatic attraction between the positive end of the C-Cl dipole and the negative charge of the anionic oxygen helps to stabilize the entire species. This level of stabilization is not present in acetic acid where there are C-H bonds instead of C-Cl bonds since the C-H bonds do not have a large dipole moment.
To understand how resonance can affect the pka of a species, we can simply compare the pka of a simple alcohol such as methanol, CH3OH, and formic acid, HCOOH. The pka of methanol is 16, suggesting that is is a very weak acid. Once methanol gives up that proton to become the conjugate base CH3O-, the charge cannot be stabilized in any way and is simply localized on the oxygen atom. However, with a carboxylic acid, the conjugate base, HCOO-, can stabilize the negative charge. The lone pair electrons containing the charge on the oxygen atom are able to migrate to the other oxygen atom of the carboxylic acid. The negative charge can now be shared between the two electronegative oxygen atoms, thus stabilizing the charge and decreasing the pka.
<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
A) HNO3 and NO3^-
<h3><u>Explanation;</u></h3>
- <em><u>HNO3 is a strong acid and NO3 is its conjugate base, meaning it will not have any tendency to withdraw H+ from solution.</u></em>
- Buffers are often prepared by mixing a weak acid or base with a salt of that weak acid or base.
- The buffers resist changes in pH since they contain acids to neutralize OH- and a base to neutralize H+. Acid and base can not consume each other in neutralization reaction.
