Answer:
ΔG = - 590.20 kJ/mol
Explanation:
The formula for calculating Gibb's Free Energy can be written as:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
Given That:
ΔH = -720.5 kJ/mol
T = 221.0°C = (221.0 + 273.15) = 494.15 K
ΔS° = -263.7 J/K
So; ΔS° = -0.2637 kJ/K if being converted from joule to Kilo-joule
Since we are all set, let replace our given data in the above equation:
ΔG = (-720.5 kJ/mol) - (494.15 K) ( - 0.2637 kJ/K)
ΔG = (-720.5 kJ/mol) - (- 130.30755)
ΔG = -720.5 kJ/mol + 130.30755
ΔG = -590.192645 kJ/mol
ΔG = - 590.20 kJ/mol
Thus, The value of ΔG° at 221.0°C for the formation of phosphorous trichloride from its constituent elements, P2(g) + 3Cl2(g) → 2PCl3(g) is <u>-590.20</u> kJ/mol.
It is true that the major ways people are exposed to toxins are by ingesting them, inhaling them, injecting them, or absorbing them through the skin.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Toxins can enter in four various ways into our body often referred as "route of exposure". It is one among many factors affecting toxicity.
Inhalation: When the toxin is a gas, it is usually absorbed into the body by inhalation. Inhalation of toxins may cause respiratory and lung damage. Eg: cigarette smoke
Absorption: If a toxin enters the human eye or skin, it can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This is called absorption. The skin can prevent some toxins from entering the body. For example: work stations (gas stations) where people work with toxins
Ingestion means that the person has ingested the toxin. Some chemicals cannot get into blood from digestive tract. For example: drinking contaminated water.
The injected toxin enters the body when the person carrying the toxin breaks the skin. Injections can end in veins, muscles or just under the skin. Eg: Botulinum (used to get rid of wrinkles)
In bio-chemistry, poison, a natural or synthetic substance that damages living tissue and has a harmful or lethal effect on the body, regardless of whether it is absorbed, inhaled or injected through the skin.
