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vekshin1
4 years ago
12

For beam design, the cross section dimensions of the beam are determined: A. Based on allowable normal stress, but the allowable

shear stress should always be checked to be sure it is not exceeded. B. Based on the allowable shear stress, but the allowable normal stress should always be checked to be sure it is not exceeded. C. Such that both the allowable normal stress and the allowable shear stress are reached at the same time. D. Based on the allowable normal stress. E. The allowable shear stress is not an important design consideration.
Engineering
1 answer:
noname [10]4 years ago
8 0

Answer:

B. Based on the allowable shear stress, but the allowable normal stress should always be checked to be sure it is not exceeded

Explanation:

Shear stress is analyzed to determine the shear forces along the lenght of the beam. This is represented in a shear force diagram. The beam cross sectional design is determined in such a way as to minimize the shear stress. Allowable normal stress should always be checked in a structure if failure is to be prevented.

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For a steel alloy it has been determined that a carburizing heat treatment of 11-h duration will raise the carbon concentration
Jobisdone [24]

Answer:

Time =t2=58.4 h

Explanation:

Since temperature is the same hence using condition

x^2/Dt=constant

where t is the time as temperature so D also remains constant

hence

x^2/t=constant

2.3^2/11=5.3^2/t2

time=t^2=58.4 h

4 0
3 years ago
Identify factors that can cause a process to become out of control. Give several examples of such factors.
Oliga [24]

Answer:

Explained

Explanation:

This situation can occur because of various factors such as:

  • Gradual deterioration of lubrication and coolant.
  • change of environmental condition such as temperature, humidity, moisture, etc.
  • Change in the properties of incoming raw material
  • An increase or decrease in the temperature of the heat treating operation
  • Debris interfering with the manufacturing process.
4 0
3 years ago
11–17 A long, thin-walled double-pipe heat exchanger with tube and shell diameters of 1.0 cm and 2.5 cm, respectively, is used t
lana [24]

Answer:

the overall heat transfer coefficient of this heat exchanger is 1855.8923 W/m²°C

Explanation:

Given:

d₁ = diameter of the tube = 1 cm = 0.01 m

d₂ = diameter of the shell = 2.5 cm = 0.025 m

Refrigerant-134a

20°C is the temperature of water

h₁ = convection heat transfer coefficient = 4100 W/m² K

Water flows at a rate of 0.3 kg/s

Question: Determine the overall heat transfer coefficient of this heat exchanger, Q = ?

First at all, you need to get the properties of water at 20°C in tables:

k = 0.598 W/m°C

v = 1.004x10⁻⁶m²/s

Pr = 7.01

ρ = 998 kg/m³

Now, you need to calculate the velocity of the water that flows through the shell:

v_{w} =\frac{m}{\rho \pi (\frac{d_{2}^{2}-d_{1}^{2}  }{4} )} =\frac{0.3}{998*\pi (\frac{0.025^{2}-0.01^{2}  }{4}) } =0.729m/s

It is necessary to get the Reynold's number:

Re=\frac{v_{w}(d_{2}-d_{1}) }{v} =\frac{0.729*(0.025-0.01)}{1.004x10^{-6} } =10891.4343

Like the Reynold's number is greater than 10000, the regime is turbulent. Now, the Nusselt's number:

Nu=0.023Re^{0.8} Pr^{0.4} =0.023*(10891.4343)^{0.8} *(7.01)^{0.4} =85.0517

The overall heat transfer coefficient:

Q=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{h_{1} }+\frac{1}{h_{2} }  }

Here

h_{2} =\frac{kNu}{d_{2}-d_{1}} =\frac{0.598*85.0517}{0.025-0.01} =3390.7278W/m^{2}C

Substituting values:

Q=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{4100}+\frac{1}{3390.7278}  } =1855.8923W/m^{2} C

5 0
3 years ago
A person is planning a bungee jump from a 40 meter high bridge. Under the bridge is a river with crocodiles, so the person does
Nonamiya [84]

Answer:

a. l = 19.7m, b. 18.55m, c. Impact Force = 3889.84 N

Explanation:

The total energy of the system when the person is at top of the bridge is

Potential energy = mgh, Kinetic energy = 0

The total energy of the  system when the person reaches just above the surface

Potential energy = 0, Kinetic energy = 0, Spring energy = ½ K X2, where k is the spring constant and X is the deflection

Applying conservation of energy

mgh = 0 + 0 + ½ K X²

80 x 9.81 x 40 = ½ (3600/l) X²

31392 = ½ (3600/l) X²

We can also conclude that

l+ X + 1.75 = 40

l + X = 38.25

a. <u>Substitute the value of x from above into the energy conversion expression</u>

31392 = ½ (3600/l)(38.25 - l)²

31392 x 2/3600 = (38.25 + l² – 2l(38.25))/l

17.44l = l2 – 76.5l + 38.25²

l² – 76.5l – 17.44l +1463.0625 = 0

Solving for l we get

L = 19.7

Hence, length of the rope is 19.7m

b. <u>The deflection is calculated by using the relation between l and X</u>

L + X = 38.25

X = 38.25 – 19.7 = 18.55m

c. <u>The impact force is calculated using the impact force formula which relates the impact force with the deflection</u>

F = KX

F = (3600/l) . X

F = (3600/19.7) . (18.55) = 3889.84 N

Thus, the impact force is 3889.84 N

3 0
3 years ago
A garden hose fills a 2-gallon bucket in 5 seconds. The number of gallons, g (y), is proportional to the number of seconds, t (x
stepladder [879]

Answer:

0.4 gallons per second

Explanation:

A function shows the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable.

The independent variable (x values) are input variables i.e. they don't depend on other variables while the dependent variable (y values) are output variables i.e. they depend on other variables.

The rate of change or slope or constant of proportionality is the ratio of the dependent variable (y value) to the independent variable (x value).

Given that the garden hose fills a 2-gallon bucket in 5 seconds. The dependent variable = g = number of gallons, the independent variable = t = number of seconds.

Constant of proportionality = g / t = 2 / 5 = 0.4 gallons per second

5 0
3 years ago
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