The specific gravity or relative density of a substance is the ratio of its density to the density of a reference material. The relative density of the concentrated salt solution is 1.044.
Mathematically;
Density of the concentrated salt = mass of salt/volume of salt = 5.222 g/5.000 mL = 1.044 g/mL
In the case of specific gravity, the reference material is always water and water has a density of 1 g/mL.
Hence, specific gravity of the concentrated salt solution =
Density of concentrated salt solution/density of equal volume of water
= 1.044 g/mL/1 g/mL
= 1.044
Note that specific gravity is dimensionless.
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The volume of the 0.15 M LiOH solution required to react with 50 mL of 0.4 M HCOOH to the equivalence point is 133.3 mL
<h3>Balanced equation </h3>
HCOOH + LiOH —> HCOOLi + H₂O
From the balanced equation above,
The mole ratio of the acid, HCOOH (nA) = 1
The mole ratio of the base, LiOH (nB) = 1
<h3>How to determine the volume of LiOH </h3>
- Molarity of acid, HCOOH (Ma) = 0.4 M
- Volume of acid, HCOOH (Va) = 50 mL
- Molarity of base, LiOH (Mb) = 0.15 M
- Volume of base, LiOH (Vb) =?
MaVa / MbVb = nA / nB
(0.4 × 50) / (0.15 × Vb) = 1
20 / (0.15 × Vb) = 1
Cross multiply
0.15 × Vb = 20
Divide both side by 0.15
Vb = 20 / 0.15
Vb = 133.3 mL
Thus, the volume of the LiOH solution needed is 133.3 mL
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