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kherson [118]
3 years ago
6

What is simple machines and it type.I need it today please​

Physics
1 answer:
raketka [301]3 years ago
4 0

Simple machines are tools, devices or objects that are used to make work easier.

TYPES OF SIMPLE MACHINES.

  • Levers
  • Inclined Plane
  • Wedges
  • Screw
  • Pulley
  • Wheel & Axle

<u>T</u><u>H</u><u>E</u><u> </u><u>L</u><u>E</u><u>V</u><u>E</u><u>R</u><u>S</u>

A lever is simply a plank or ridge beam that is free to rotate on a pivot.

<u>P</u><u>A</u><u>R</u><u>T</u><u>S</u><u> </u><u>O</u><u>F</u><u> </u><u>A</u><u> </u><u>L</u><u>E</u><u>V</u><u>E</u><u>R</u><u> </u>

  1. Load
  2. Effort
  3. Fulcrum or pivot

<u>C</u><u>L</u><u>A</u><u>S</u><u>S</u><u>E</u><u>S</u><u> </u><u>O</u><u>F</u><u> </u><u>L</u><u>E</u><u>V</u><u>E</u><u>R</u><u>S</u>

THE FIRST CLASS LEVER

In this class, the FULCRUM is between the EFFORT and the LOAD. The mechanical advantage is more if the load is closer to the FULCRUM. Examples: seesaws, boat oars and crowbars.

THE SECOND CLASS LEVER

In this class, the LOAD is between the EFFORT and the FULCRUM. The mechanical advantage is more if the LOAD is closer to the FULCRUM. Example: wheelbarrow.

THE THIRD CLASS LEVER

In this class, the EFFORT is between the LOAD and the FULCRUM. The mechanical advantage is more if the EFFORT is closer to the LOAD. Example: garden shovel.

<u>T</u><u>H</u><u>E</u><u> </u><u>INCLINED</u><u> </u><u>PLANE</u><u> </u><u>OR</u><u> </u><u>RAMP</u>

An inclined plane is a simple machine with a sloping surface. It makes it easier for us to move objects from lower grounds to higher grounds.

<u>W</u><u>E</u><u>D</u><u>G</u><u>E</u><u>S</u>

A wedge is simply a triangular tool, often made of wood, stone, metal or plastic. It is thick at one end and tapers to a thin or sharp edge at the other end. Examples: knife, axe, doorstopper, nail, blade on the snow plough or farmer grader.

<u>PULLEY</u>

A pulley is simply a wheel with a groove in it, and a rope in the groove. It is used to lift heavy objects from the ground to high places.

<u>WHEEL</u><u> </u><u>&</u><u> </u><u>AXLE</u>

Involves two circular objects joined at the center. It works when force is applied to the wheel or when force is applied to the axle. Example: door knob.

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A 4 kg textbook sits on a desk. It is pushed horizontally with a 50 N applied force against a 15 N frictional force.
GarryVolchara [31]

a) See free-body diagram in attachment

b) The book is stationary in the vertical direction

c) The net horizontal force is 35 N in the forward direction

d) The net force on the book is 35 N in the forward horizontal direction

e) The acceleration is 8.75 m/s^2 in the forward direction

Explanation:

a)

The free-body diagram of a body represents all the forces acting on the body using arrows, where the length of each arrow is proportional to the magnitude of the force and points in the same direction.

From the diagram of this book, we see there are 4 forces acting on the book:

- The applied force, F = 50 N, pushing forward in the horizontal direction

- The frictional force, F_f = 15 N, pulling backward in the horizontal direction (the frictional force always acts in the direction opposite to the motion)

- The weight of the book, W=mg, where m is the mass of the book and g=9.8 m/s^2 is the acceleration of gravity, acting downward. We can calculate its magnitude using the mass of the book, m = 4 kg:

W=(4)(9.8)=39.2 N

- The normal reaction exerted by the desk on the book, N, acting upward, and balancing the weight of the book

b)

The book is in equilibrium in the vertical direction, therefore there is no motion.

In fact, the magnitude of the normal reaction (N) exerted by the desk on the book is exactly equal to the weight of the book (W), so the equation of motion along the vertical direction is

N-W=ma

where a is the acceleration; however, since N = W, this becomes

a=0

And since the book is initially at rest on the desk, this means that there is no motion.

c)

We said there are two forces acting in the horizontal direction:

- The applied force, F = 50 N, forward

- The frictional force, F_f = 15 N, backward

Since they act along the same line, we can calculate their resultant as

\sum F = F - F_f = 50 - 15 = 35 N

and therefore the net force is 35 N in the forward direction.

d)

The net force is obtained as the resultant  of the net forces in the horizontal and vertical direction. However, we have:

- The net force in the horizontal direction is 35 N

- The net force in the vertical direction is zero, because the weight is balanced by the normal reaction

Therefore, this means that the total net force acting on the book is just the net force acting on the horizontal direction, so 35 N forward.

e)

The acceleration of the book can be calculated by using Newton's second law:

\sum F = ma

where

\sum F is the net force

m is the mass

a is the acceleration

Here we have:

\sum F = 35 N (in the forward direction)

m = 4 kg

Therefore, the acceleration is

a=\frac{\sum F}{m}=\frac{35}{4}=8.75 m/s^2 (forward)

Learn more about forces, weight and Newton's second law:

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brainly.com/question/12978926

brainly.com/question/11411375

brainly.com/question/1971321

brainly.com/question/2286502

brainly.com/question/2562700

#LearnwithBrainly

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