Answer:
The electric force on the top charge is
.
Explanation:
Given that,
Electric charges in a thundercloud, 
The distance between charges, d = 2.3 km = 2300 m
Let F is the electric force on the top charge. The electric force is given by the formula as :



or

So, the electric force on the top charge is
. Hence, this is the required solution.
The momentum of an object is given by:

where
p is the momentum
m is the mass
v is the velocity of the object
The ball in our problem has a mass of m=1.0 kg and a momentum of

, therefore we can use the previous formula to find its velocity:
There can be someone who think answer should be B but temperature isn' proportional with heat. The formula is Q=m.c.t , so it isn't definetly temperature. So answer should be D. Because A and C connect with force etc.
B. The Particles Have Less Kinetic Energy than those of..
Electromagnetic (EM) frequency = f Hz
Wavelength = λ m
f = c / λ, c = f λ: